Minyeob Lim, Hyunwoo Shin, Hwapyeong Jeong, Yongmin Kwon, Meeyoung Kim, Jiyoul Lee, Jaesung Park
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nano-sized particles secreted by cells, are increasingly recognized as promising biomarkers. However, the isolation and purification of EVs need improvement, impeding their practical application. Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer a method to separate EVs with high purity and yield compared to other techniques, yet the unclear isolation mechanism limits efficiency. To elucidate the separation process and enhance ATPS-based EV isolation, Kramers' theory and Fick's law are employed. The simulations and experiments reveal that the liquid–liquid interface in ATPS acts as a size cut-off filter for EVs, functioning without a membrane. It is discovered that rapid transport of particles to the interface is crucial for fast isolation, but this transport in separated phases relies solely on diffusion, which slows the process. To address this, a vortex is introduced to enhance particle movement through convection, significantly improving efficiency. This method achieves over 80% recovery of EVs from blood plasma and removes more than 90% of low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and albumin within an hour. Applying this ATPS-based membrane-less filter to plasma from prostate cancer patients, concentrations of markers on EVs are quantified. Using machine learning, metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer are distinguished with greater accuracy than the traditional PSA-based method.
期刊介绍:
Small serves as an exceptional platform for both experimental and theoretical studies in fundamental and applied interdisciplinary research at the nano- and microscale. The journal offers a compelling mix of peer-reviewed Research Articles, Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments.
With a remarkable 2022 Journal Impact Factor of 13.3 (Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics, 2023), Small remains among the top multidisciplinary journals, covering a wide range of topics at the interface of materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, medicine, and biology.
Small's readership includes biochemists, biologists, biomedical scientists, chemists, engineers, information technologists, materials scientists, physicists, and theoreticians alike.