SARS-CoV-2 infection in microglia and its sequelae: What do we know so far?

IF 3.7 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Echo Yongqi Luo , Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang , Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo
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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the COVID-19 pandemic. After the success of therapeutics and worldwide vaccination, the long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections are yet to be determined. Common symptoms of COVID-19 include the loss of taste and smell, suggesting SARS-CoV-2 infection has a potentially detrimental effect on neurons within the olfactory/taste pathways, with direct access to the central nervous system (CNS). This could explain the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in the brains of COVID-19 patients. Different viruses display neurotropism that causes impaired neurodevelopment and/or neurodegeneration. Hence, it is plausible that COVID-19-associated neuropathologies are directly driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the CNS. Microglia, resident immune cells of the brain, are constantly under investigation as their surveillance role has been suggested to act as a friend or a foe impacting the progression of neurological disorders. Herein, we review the current literature suggesting microglia potentially been a susceptible target by SARS-CoV-2 virions and their role in viral dissemination within the CNS. Particular attention is given to the different experimental models and their translational potential.
小胶质细胞中的 SARS-CoV-2 感染及其后遗症:我们目前知道些什么?
严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)导致了 COVID-19 的大流行。在治疗和全球疫苗接种取得成功后,SARS-CoV-2 感染的长期后遗症仍有待确定。COVID-19 的常见症状包括味觉和嗅觉丧失,这表明 SARS-CoV-2 感染可能会对嗅觉/味觉通路内的神经元产生有害影响,并直接进入中枢神经系统(CNS)。这可以解释为什么在 COVID-19 患者的大脑中检测到了 SARS-CoV-2 抗原。不同的病毒都会表现出神经趋向性,导致神经发育受损和/或神经变性。因此,中枢神经系统中的 SARS-CoV-2 感染可能直接导致 COVID-19 相关神经病理变化。小胶质细胞是大脑中的常驻免疫细胞,它们的监视作用被认为是影响神经系统疾病进展的 "敌 "或 "友",因此一直受到研究的关注。在本文中,我们回顾了目前的文献,这些文献表明小胶质细胞可能是 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的易感目标,以及它们在中枢神经系统内病毒传播中的作用。我们特别关注了不同的实验模型及其转化潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health Biological Psychiatry, Behavioral Neuroscience
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
97 days
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