Rapid fabrication of Ba1–xSrxTiO3 ceramics via reactive flash sintering

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.044

Yiwen Pu , Le Li, Junbo Xia, Nana Jia, Shifeng Jia, Wei Ren

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ba_1–xSr_xTiO₃ (BST) ceramics are promising dielectric materials. However, their fabrication is usually laborious, requiring long preparation stages and high temperatures, which are not favorable for tuning the grain size and dielectric properties. In this study, (Ba_1–xSr_x)TiO₃ (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) ceramics were produced via reactive flash sintering (RFS) of a mixture of BaCO₃, SrCO₃ and TiO₂ powders at 900 °C and relatively short times (15–90 s). The electric field (E-field) with a strength of 400 V/cm and the current densities of 25–75 mA mm⁻² were applied during RFS. Once the Sr²⁺ content increased, the incubation time for the RFS decreased, suggesting that the addition of Sr²⁺ facilitated the RFS process. At the RFS time above 15 s, a single-phase Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ perovskite structure was formed. When the time and the applied current density increased, both the densities and grain sizes within the ceramics increased. This increased the real part (ε’) of the complex permittivity compared to that of the conventionally sintered (CS) ceramic. Moreover, the enhancement of mass transport by E-field-induced oxygen vacancies was considered the predominant mechanism of RFS in the production of BST ceramics.

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通过反应闪速烧结快速制备 Ba1-xSrxTiO3 陶瓷

Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) 陶瓷是一种很有前途的介电材料。然而，它们的制备通常非常费力，需要较长的制备阶段和较高的温度，不利于调整晶粒尺寸和介电性质。在这项研究中，(Ba1-xSrx)TiO3（x = 0.1、0.3、0.5）陶瓷是通过 BaCO3、SrCO3 和 TiO2 粉末混合物在 900 ℃ 和相对较短的时间（15-90 秒）内进行反应性闪烁烧结（RFS）制得的。RFS 期间施加的电场（E-field）强度为 400 V/cm，电流密度为 25-75 mA-mm-2。一旦 Sr2+ 含量增加，RFS 的孵育时间就会缩短，这表明 Sr2+ 的加入促进了 RFS 过程。当 RFS 时间超过 15 秒时，形成了单相 Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 包晶结构。随着时间和外加电流密度的增加，陶瓷内部的密度和晶粒尺寸也随之增大。与传统烧结（CS）陶瓷相比，这增加了复介电常数的实部（ε'）。此外，电场诱导的氧空位增强了质量传输，这被认为是生产 BST 陶瓷过程中 RFS 的主要机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.