Lumen-apposing metal stents for anastomosis creation throughout the gastrointestinal tract: A large single-center experience

Abstract

Objectives

The introduction of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) has revolutionized the field of therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LAMS in creating an endoscopic ultrasound-guided anastomosis between two segments of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Methods

Data from all consecutive LAMS procedures for anastomosis creation between two segments of the GI, conducted between October 2019 and February 2024, were retrospectively analyzed for technical success (defined as correct deployment of the LAMS in the target), clinical success (defined as achievement of the intended clinical goal), and adverse events.

Results

A total of 145 LAMS procedures were performed in 136 patients. Indications for LAMS procedures included the need for endoscopic access to or reversal of surgically excluded segments of the GI tract (n = 73, 50.3%), and the alleviation of any GI outflow obstruction (n = 72, 49.7%). The overall technical and clinical success rates were very high (97.2% and 95.2%, respectively). Adverse events were observed in 20/145 (13.8%) cases, including 11 (7.6%) minor events (AGREE <3) and nine (6.2%) major events (AGREE ≥3). Major events included stent migration (n = 1), persisting fistula (n = 3), and bleeding (n = 4). All adverse events were successfully managed, and there were no procedure-related deaths. Loss of LAMS patency occurred in 4/145 (2.8%) cases and could be endoscopically managed in all cases.

Conclusions

The creation of anastomoses with LAMS between two segments of the GI tract appears to be effective and safe, with a low reintervention rate due to loss of LAMS patency.