Exploring Bioactive Compounds in Prosopis juliflora Extracts Through Comparative LC–MS Analysis

Abstract

The current study was carried out to assess the alkaloid-enriched constituents of Prosopis juliflora (Fabaceae) against bacterial blight of pomegranate. Utilising plant extracts for disease management offers an eco-friendly approach. In vitro assessment of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for alkaloid-enriched fractions from the leaves and inflorescence of P. juliflora revealed a 14 mm zone of inhibition, with the lowest MIC value being 30 mg/mL. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of alkaloid-rich fractions (ARF) from four different tissues of P. juliflora, subjected to LC–MS for alkaloid identification, detected a total of 1489 peaks in positive mode and 240 peaks in negative mode. The highest peaks were detected in the leaves, where 47 metabolites and 9 alkaloids were identified. Ellipticine and ormosanine were found in relatively high concentrations across all four tissues, as indicated by their peak areas. The inflorescence had significantly high concentrations of sparteine, solanidine-I and puberanidine compared with other parts. Additionally, acetylsolanine was more abundant in the inflorescence, while solasodine-I was more prevalent in the leaves. A substantial amount of strictosidine was also found in the inflorescence.