Urbanization alters sandy beach scavenging assemblages and dogs suppress ecosystem function

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.70016
Francis D. Gerraty, Ann Gobei-Bacaylan, Kaia Diel
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Abstract

Urbanization is rapidly transforming coastal landscapes around the world, altering the structure and function of marine, intertidal, and terrestrial ecosystems. In tandem, coastal areas are hotspots for human recreation, leading to shifts in wildlife behavior and activity patterns. Together, urban development and recreational use of wildlife habitats can shape wildlife behavior, abundance, and ecosystem dynamics at different spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we explore the impact of urbanization and human and domestic dog activity on the structure of vertebrate scavenging assemblages and the ecosystem functions they provide in sandy beach ecosystems across 40 km of the central California coast, USA. We surveyed vertebrate scavenging assemblages using baited camera traps on 17 beaches spanning a gradient of coastal urbanization. We found that urbanization extent within small spatial scales (i.e., 1 or 3 km radii of each site) and the rate of beach visitation by domestic dogs or humans were the best additive predictors of assemblage structure. We identified pronounced urbanization-associated shifts in the composition of vertebrate scavenger guilds but found that the rate of carrion processing was more strongly influenced by domestic dog habitat use and diel period. Scavenging activity was substantially lower on beaches with more domestic dogs, suggesting that dogs interfere with critical scavenging ecosystem functions on sandy beaches. Our results underscore the pervasive and nuanced effects of urbanization and recreation on the dynamics of land–sea connectivity and suggest a need for comprehensive consideration of cross-ecosystem linkages in ongoing shoreline conservation and development efforts.

Abstract Image

城市化改变了沙滩上的食腐动物群落,狗会抑制生态系统的功能
城市化正在迅速改变世界各地的海岸景观,改变海洋、潮间带和陆地生态系统的结构和功能。与此同时,沿海地区也成为人类娱乐的热点地区,导致野生动物的行为和活动模式发生变化。城市发展和对野生动物栖息地的娱乐性利用会在不同的时空尺度上共同影响野生动物的行为、数量和生态系统动态。在这项研究中,我们探讨了城市化以及人类和家犬活动对脊椎动物食腐动物群结构及其在美国加利福尼亚州中部海岸 40 公里沙滩生态系统中提供的生态系统功能的影响。我们在跨越沿海城市化梯度的 17 个海滩上使用带饵相机陷阱调查了脊椎动物食腐动物群落。我们发现,小空间范围内的城市化程度(即每个地点半径为 1 或 3 公里)以及家犬或人类的海滩访问率是组合结构的最佳预测因子。我们发现脊椎动物食腐动物行会的组成与城市化相关,但发现家犬栖息地的使用和昼夜时间对腐肉加工率的影响更大。在家犬较多的海滩上,食腐活动大大减少,这表明家犬干扰了沙滩上重要的食腐生态系统功能。我们的研究结果强调了城市化和娱乐活动对陆海连接动态的普遍而微妙的影响,并表明在当前的海岸线保护和开发工作中需要全面考虑跨生态系统的联系。
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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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