Cigarette smoking status and COVID-19 hospitalization in the context of cannabis use: An electronic health record cohort study in northern California

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100565

Dian Gu , Patrick Ha , Jesse T. Kaye , Michael C. Fiore , Janice Y. Tsoh

{"title":"Cigarette smoking status and COVID-19 hospitalization in the context of cannabis use: An electronic health record cohort study in northern California","authors":"Dian Gu , Patrick Ha , Jesse T. Kaye , Michael C. Fiore , Janice Y. Tsoh","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100565","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research investigating the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 outcomes has yielded mixed results, often overlooking cannabis use. This study examined the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 hospitalization with consideration of cannabis use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used electronic health record data from adult patients with COVID-19 (2/1/2020 to 2/3/2022) at a northern California academic medical center. The outcome was COVID-19 hospitalization. We conducted three multivariable logistic models to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and hospitalization. Model 1 included cigarette smoking status and other covariates; Model 2 added cannabis use status to Model 1; Model 3 added interaction term of cigarette and cannabis use to Model 2, followed by a post-hoc analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 14,440 patients, 8.5 % had COVID-19 hospitalization, 4.9 % and 24.1 % currently and formerly smoked cigarettes, respectively; 7.2 % currently used cannabis, 62.8 % had unknown cannabis use status. Both current and former cigarettes smoking were associated with hospitalization (Models 1–2). In Model 3, the cigarette-cannabis interaction was significant. Former cigarette smoking had higher odds for hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.36; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.70) only among people who did not currently use cannabis. Current cigarette smoking yielded higher odds of hospitalization (AOR = 1.47; 95 % CI 1.02–2.12) among people whose cannabis use was unknown. Cigarette smoking status was not associated with hospitalization among people who currently used cannabis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cigarette smoking’s associations with COVID-19 hospitalization varied by cannabis use. Future research should include both cigarette and cannabis use in understanding risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352853224000427","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Psychology","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Research investigating the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 outcomes has yielded mixed results, often overlooking cannabis use. This study examined the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 hospitalization with consideration of cannabis use.

Methods

We used electronic health record data from adult patients with COVID-19 (2/1/2020 to 2/3/2022) at a northern California academic medical center. The outcome was COVID-19 hospitalization. We conducted three multivariable logistic models to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and hospitalization. Model 1 included cigarette smoking status and other covariates; Model 2 added cannabis use status to Model 1; Model 3 added interaction term of cigarette and cannabis use to Model 2, followed by a post-hoc analysis.

Results

Of the 14,440 patients, 8.5 % had COVID-19 hospitalization, 4.9 % and 24.1 % currently and formerly smoked cigarettes, respectively; 7.2 % currently used cannabis, 62.8 % had unknown cannabis use status. Both current and former cigarettes smoking were associated with hospitalization (Models 1–2). In Model 3, the cigarette-cannabis interaction was significant. Former cigarette smoking had higher odds for hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.36; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.70) only among people who did not currently use cannabis. Current cigarette smoking yielded higher odds of hospitalization (AOR = 1.47; 95 % CI 1.02–2.12) among people whose cannabis use was unknown. Cigarette smoking status was not associated with hospitalization among people who currently used cannabis.

Conclusions

Cigarette smoking’s associations with COVID-19 hospitalization varied by cannabis use. Future research should include both cigarette and cannabis use in understanding risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

吸食大麻情况下的吸烟状况和 COVID-19 住院情况：加利福尼亚州北部电子健康记录队列研究

背景对吸烟与 COVID-19 结果之间关系的研究结果不一，通常忽略了大麻的使用。本研究考察了吸烟与 COVID-19 住院之间的关系，并考虑了大麻的使用情况。方法我们使用了北加州一家学术医疗中心 COVID-19 成年患者的电子健康记录数据（2020 年 1 月 2 日至 2022 年 3 月 2 日）。结果为 COVID-19 住院治疗。我们建立了三个多变量逻辑模型来研究吸烟与住院之间的关系。模型 1 包括吸烟状况和其他协变量；模型 2 在模型 1 的基础上增加了大麻使用状况；模型 3 在模型 2 的基础上增加了吸烟和大麻使用的交互项，然后进行了事后分析。结果在 14,440 名患者中，8.5% 的人曾因 COVID-19 住院，目前和以前吸烟的比例分别为 4.9% 和 24.1%；7.2% 的人目前使用大麻，62.8% 的人大麻使用状况不明。目前和以前吸烟均与住院治疗有关（模型 1-2）。在模型 3 中，香烟与大麻的交互作用非常显著。只有在目前不吸食大麻的人群中，曾经吸食过香烟的人才有更高的住院几率（调整后的几率比 [AOR] = 1.36；95 % 置信区间 [CI] 1.09-1.70）。在大麻使用情况未知的人群中，目前吸烟导致的住院几率更高（调整几率比 [AOR] = 1.47；95 % 置信区间 [CI] 1.02-2.12）。结论吸烟与 COVID-19 住院治疗的关系因大麻使用情况而异。在了解 COVID-19 结果的风险因素时，未来的研究应同时考虑吸烟和吸食大麻的情况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Addictive Behaviors Reports Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

71 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors Reports is an open-access and peer reviewed online-only journal offering an interdisciplinary forum for the publication of research in addictive behaviors. The journal accepts submissions that are scientifically sound on all forms of addictive behavior (alcohol, drugs, gambling, Internet, nicotine and technology) with a primary focus on behavioral and psychosocial research. The emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. We are particularly interested in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research. Studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry as well as scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are also very much encouraged. We also welcome multimedia submissions that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings.