Share the wealth: Neurophysiological and motivational mechanisms related to racial discrimination in economic decision making

IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Hannah I. Volpert-Esmond , Jessica R. Bray , Meredith P. Levsen , Bruce D. Bartholow
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Abstract

Social interactions are influenced by rapid judgements about interaction partners that are assumed to contribute to various behavioral biases. While often negligible in a given instance, such biases can accumulate to contribute to persistent inequities between social groups. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the extent to which early attention to racial category information during simulated interpersonal interactions contributes to race bias in financial decisions. Undergraduate participants (N = 67; 36 women, 31 men; all White/Non-Hispanic) completed an economic decision-making task in which they decided how much money to invest in a series of male interaction partners (i.e., trustees) who varied in their apparent racial group memberships. Black male trustees received lower investments than White male trustees, replicating prior findings. Of greater interest, an ERP index of attention to trustees' faces predicted racial bias in investments, and was moderated by participants' internalized motivation to respond without prejudice (i.e., a difference score reflecting the extent to which participants' motivation reflected internal [e.g., personal egalitarian values] compared to external [e.g., concerns about social norms] reasons to respond without prejudice). Consistent with motivational models of prejudice control, greater early attention to a trustee's face led to more-biased lending among participants with lower internalized motivation but to less-biased lending among participants with higher internalized motivation. Findings demonstrate a crucial role for within-person variability in attention to race-related cues when interacting with others, along with between-person bias regulation motives, in determining whether attention to race will increase or decrease bias in financial lending.
分享财富与经济决策中的种族歧视有关的神经生理和动机机制
社会互动会受到对互动伙伴的快速判断的影响,这种判断被认为会导致各种行为偏差。虽然这些偏差在特定情况下往往可以忽略不计,但累积起来就会造成社会群体之间持续存在的不平等。在这里,我们使用事件相关电位(ERPs)来确定在模拟人际交往过程中对种族类别信息的早期关注在多大程度上会导致财务决策中的种族偏见。本科生参与者(N = 67;36 名女性,31 名男性;均为白人/非西班牙裔)完成了一项经济决策任务,在这项任务中,他们决定向一系列男性互动伙伴(即受托人)投资多少钱,而这些男性互动伙伴的明显种族群体成员身份各不相同。黑人男性受托人获得的投资低于白人男性受托人,这与之前的研究结果相同。更令人感兴趣的是,对受托人面孔的ERP注意指数预测了投资中的种族偏见,并被参与者无偏见反应的内化动机(即反映参与者动机反映内部[如个人平等主义价值观]与外部[如对社会规范的关注]无偏见反应原因程度的差异分数)所调节。与偏见控制的动机模型一致的是,对受托人面孔的早期关注越多,内部化动机越低的参与者的借贷偏见就越大,而内部化动机越高的参与者的借贷偏见就越小。研究结果表明,在与他人互动时,人与人之间对种族相关线索的注意差异,以及人与人之间的偏见调节动机,在决定对种族的注意会增加还是减少金融借贷偏见方面起着至关重要的作用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
2.90%
发文量
134
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Social Psychology publishes original research and theory on human social behavior and related phenomena. The journal emphasizes empirical, conceptually based research that advances an understanding of important social psychological processes. The journal also publishes literature reviews, theoretical analyses, and methodological comments.
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