Simulation of diffusion of combustible refrigerants R1234yf and R290 leakage in automotive air conditioning

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.09.012

Linlin Wang , Yu He , Jiabao Ren , Dan Wang , Baomin Dai , Zhe Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Electric vehicles that utilize a heat pump system have a refrigerant charge increase of at least 400 g compared to traditional fuel vehicle air conditioning systems. If combustible refrigerants are used, the risk of combustion increases when the refrigerant leaks and spreads to the passenger compartment. This paper dynamically monitored the volume concentrations of combustible refrigerants R1234yf and R290 as they leaked and entered the passenger compartment accompanied by air supply by numerical simulation. The results indicated that refrigerants are more prone to accumulate in the rear row than in the front. After a leak, the average volume concentration of R1234yf at the four air outlets was 1.58 %, and 3.36 % for R290. at the breathing points of four passengers, the average volume concentration was 0.99 % for R1234yf and 2.39 % for R290. Near the feet of the passengers, the average volume concentration was 0.95 % for R1234yf and 2.27 % for R290. The highest volume concentration of R1234yf in the passenger compartment was below its LFL, whereas all monitoring points for R290 exceeded its LFL. Compared to experimental data, the difference in maximum refrigerant volume concentration was approximately 1.2 %.

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汽车空调中可燃制冷剂 R1234yf 和 R290 泄漏的扩散模拟

与传统燃油汽车空调系统相比，使用热泵系统的电动汽车的制冷剂充注量至少增加 400 克。如果使用可燃制冷剂，当制冷剂泄漏并扩散到乘客车厢时，燃烧的风险就会增加。本文通过数值模拟，动态监测了可燃制冷剂 R1234yf 和 R290 在泄漏和进入乘员舱并伴有空气供应时的体积浓度。结果表明，制冷剂比前排更容易在后排积聚。泄漏后，R1234yf 在四个出风口的平均体积浓度为 1.58%，R290 为 3.36%；在四名乘客的呼吸点，R1234yf 的平均体积浓度为 0.99%，R290 为 2.39%。在乘客脚部附近，R1234yf 的平均体积浓度为 0.95%，R290 为 2.27%。乘客舱内 R1234yf 的最高容积浓度低于其低限值，而 R290 的所有监测点都超过了其低限值。与实验数据相比，最大制冷剂体积浓度的差异约为 1.2%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.80%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling. As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews. Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.