Lead tolerance and accumulation in Arthrocaulon macrostachyum: Growth, physiological and antioxidant responses

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.006

Azhar Manzoor , Irfan Aziz , Amtul Mujeeb , Zainul Abideen , Jean Wan Hong Yong

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Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a non-essential and toxic metal for plants. Current study was planned to assess Pb-induced toxicity with and without NaCl in a halophyte Arthrocaulon macrostachyum. Three month old seedlings (after germination) were grown in pots containing quartz sand and sub-irrigated with 300 mM NaCl and different Pb(NO₃)₂ concentrations (0, 0.75, 3, 6 and 12 mM) in plastic trays where 0 mM NaCl and Pb(NO₃)₂ were taken as control for monitoring growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Plant growth (height and biomass) was optimized in 300 mM NaCl while progressive increases in fresh weights up to 3 mM Pb(NO₃)₂ may be related to better shoot turgor, succulence and more plant pigments. Growth was substantially reduced in 6 and 12 mM Pb(NO₃)₂ both with and without NaCl. Plant shoots accumulated higher levels of Pb and Na⁺ of up to 3 mM Pb;while root Pb increased in > 6 mM Pb(NO₃)₂ treatments. Decreased pigments, potential quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and yield of photosystem II (ɸ PSII) enhanced the accumulation of H₂O₂, electrolyte leakage and consequently reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 12 mM Pb(NO₃)₂. The scavenging of ROS was manifested with the increased in vitro activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of up to 6 mM Pb(NO₃)₂; whereas higher Guaiacol peroxidase (GPx) may be related to cell wall hardening and poor growth. The increases in SOD, marginal changes in catalase (CAT) and unchanged APX of up to 6 mM Pb(NO₃)₂ demonstrated the activation of stress-responsive metabolism in Arthrocaulon machrostachyum; and Pb accumulation of up to 200 mg kg^-1 making this species a useful candidate for Pb phytoremediation.

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Arthrocaulon macrostachyum 的铅耐受性和积累：生长、生理和抗氧化反应

铅（Pb）对植物来说是一种非必需的有毒金属。目前的研究计划评估铅对卤叶植物 Arthrocaulon macrostachyum 的毒性。三个月大（发芽后）的幼苗生长在装有石英砂的花盆中，并在塑料托盘中用 300 mM NaCl 和不同浓度（0、0.75、3、6 和 12 mM）的 Pb(NO3)2 进行灌溉，其中 0 mM NaCl 和 Pb(NO3)2 作为对照，以监测生长、生理和生化特征。在 300 毫摩尔 NaCl 条件下，植物生长（高度和生物量）达到最佳状态，而在 3 毫摩尔 Pb(NO3)2 条件下，植物鲜重逐渐增加，这可能与芽的张力、肉质和更多的植物色素有关。在 6 毫摩尔和 12 毫摩尔 Pb(NO3)2 中，无论是否含有氯化钠，生长都会大大降低。在 6 mM Pb(NO3)2 处理中，植物嫩枝积累了较高水平的 Pb 和 Na+，最高达 3 mM Pb；而根部 Pb 增加。在 12 mM Pb(NO3)2 处理中，色素、潜在量子产率（Fv/Fm）和光系统 II 产率（ɸ PSII）的降低增强了 H2O2 的积累、电解质的泄漏，进而增强了活性氧（ROS）。清除 ROS 的作用表现在 6 mM Pb（NO3）2 时超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的体外活性增加；而愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPx）的增加可能与细胞壁硬化和生长不良有关。在高达 6 mM Pb(NO3)2 的条件下，SOD 的增加、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的微小变化和 APX 的不变表明，Arthrocaulon machrostachyum 的应激反应新陈代谢被激活；Pb 积累高达 200 mg kg-1，使该物种成为 Pb 植物修复的有用候选物种。

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来源期刊

South African Journal of Botany 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

9.70%

发文量

709

审稿时长

61 days

期刊介绍： The South African Journal of Botany publishes original papers that deal with the classification, biodiversity, morphology, physiology, molecular biology, ecology, biotechnology, ethnobotany and other botanically related aspects of species that are of importance to southern Africa. Manuscripts dealing with significant new findings on other species of the world and general botanical principles will also be considered and are encouraged.