Epidemiological survey of two morphotypes of Demodex folliculorum (Prostigmata: Demodicidade) in young people from southern Spain

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00381

F.J. Márquez , A.J. López-Montoya , S. Sánchez-Carrión , I. Dimov , M. de Rojas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Different morphotypes of Demodex from humans have been described. Among them, molecular studies have made it possible to discern between the Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. Further studies showed two morphotypes of D. folliculorum harboured two different habits (human skin and human eyelashes), both of them with finger-shaped terminal opisthosoma difficult to differentiate and that can be assigned to D. folliculorum,

Thus, a complete morphometric study of the species, which in this study are referred to as Demodex folliculorum species complex, was carried out. From this morphometric and meristic study two distinct morphological forms (short and long) could be identified within the Demodex folliculorum species complex. These forms differ significantly in four out of the six biometric parameters we analysed: gnathosomal length and width, podosomal width, and opisthosomal length. Moreover, a comprehensive survey of the two morphotypes from different habitats (skin and eyelashes), was carried out in young people of Southern Spain. Therefore, an analysis of 104 asymptomatic students, which were contact lens wearers, and the presence of D. folliculorum was carried out. A statistical analysis based on Bayesian zero inflated Poisson GLM has been applied to our sample data. For the age group considered (18–24 years old), the overall D. folliculorum prevalence for skin face or eye infections (at least one of them) was 19.31 % (51 people), with a statistically significant higher prevalence in ~~males~~ men. Furthermore, there is a slight statistical correlation between the presence of Demodex in silicone hydrogel soft contact lens wearers. This study confirms: i) the existence of two morphotypes of D. folliculorum that appear segregated due to the parasitization microhabitats,ii) a higher prevalence of mites in men than in women, iii) the existence of a high number of statistically supported double infections (skin-eyelashes). It also provides epidemiological data on the prevalence of long and short forms of D. folliculorum in a healthy young population.

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对西班牙南部年轻人中两种形态的毛囊德莫德克（前驱体：Demodicidade）进行流行病学调查

人们已经描述了人类蜕皮虫的不同形态。其中，分子研究使我们能够区分毛囊德莫德克（Demodex folliculorum）和布氏德莫德克（Demodex brevis）。进一步的研究表明，D. folliculorum 的两个形态型有两种不同的习性（人类皮肤和人类睫毛），它们都有难以区分的指状末端开口瘤，可以归类为 D. folliculorum。通过形态和分生研究，可以在毛囊德莫德克种群中确定两种不同的形态（短形和长形）。在我们分析的六个生物计量参数中，这两种形态在四个参数上存在明显差异：钩体长度和宽度、荚膜宽度和开口体长度。此外，我们还在西班牙南部的年轻人中对来自不同栖息地（皮肤和睫毛）的两种形态进行了全面调查。因此，对 104 名佩戴隐形眼镜的无症状学生进行了分析，以确定是否存在毛囊虫。我们对样本数据进行了贝叶斯零膨胀泊松 GLM 统计分析。在所考虑的年龄组（18-24 岁）中，脸部皮肤或眼部感染（至少其中一种）的毛囊虫感染率为 19.31%（51 人），男性的感染率明显更高。此外，据统计，硅水凝胶软性隐形眼镜佩戴者中出现的蜕皮虫与此略有关联。这项研究证实：i) 由于寄生微生境的不同，毛囊虫有两种不同的形态；ii) 男性的螨虫感染率高于女性；iii) 从统计学角度看，存在大量的双重感染（皮肤-睫毛）。该研究还提供了关于健康年轻人群中长型和短型毛囊虫流行率的流行病学数据。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.