Integrated deep banding and fertigation of phosphorus improves cotton yield by regulating root spatial distribution and growth

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109604

Zheng He , Xuwei Dang , Gaifang gao , Xinyuan Lin , Fuyu Ma , Yang Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Context or problem

Traditionally, 100 % phosphorus (P) fertilizer application as a band at various depths before sowing significantly influenced crop root growth and yield by reducing P fixation and optimizing its spatial distribution. However, with the advent of drip fertigation in Xinjiang, China, P fertilization practices have shifted from 100 % basal to a combination of basal and fertigation for enhanced P nutrition in cotton. Despite this, the impact of pre-sowing P band application on cotton growth under drip fertigation remains unclear.

Objective or research question

This study aimed to determine the optimal P fertilizer banding depth for cotton under a drip fertigation system.

Methods

Field trials were conducted comparing different basal P fertilizer application depths (5 cm, 15 cm, and 25 cm, denoted as D5, D15, and D25, respectively) with 50 % of the P rate and the remaining 50 % applied as topdressing via drip fertilization. A control (CK) involving 50 % broadcasted P fertilizer and 50 % topdressed P was included. The study focused on the effects of P application depth on soil P availability, root growth patterns, P utilization, and cotton yield.

Results

At the boll opening stage, the D15 treatment exhibited a significant 18.69 %-49.76 % increase in available phosphorus in the 10–40 cm soil layer compared to the CK. During the peak boll to boll opening stage, the D15 treatment significantly outperformed the CK in terms of total root biomass density (11.62 %-17.54 %), total root length (16.75 %-24.81 %), total root surface area (23.07 %-37.59 %), and total root volume (20.69 %-26.23 %). Moreover, root activity and growth parameters were notably higher in the D15 treatment within the 10–40 cm soil layer.

Conclusions

Applying 50 % of the P fertilizer as a band at a 15 cm depth before planting drip-irrigated cotton is optimal. This practice enhances soil P availability, stimulates root growth and distribution, and ultimately improves P utilization and cotton yield.

Implications or significance

Banding P fertilizer at a 15 cm depth in combination with drip fertigation demonstrates superior yield benefits. This technology offers a novel approach to fertilizer application, enhancing nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity in drip-irrigated systems.

查看原文本刊更多论文

通过调节根系空间分布和生长，综合深层带状施磷和施肥提高棉花产量

背景或问题传统上，在播种前以带状方式在不同深度施用 100%的磷肥，可减少磷的固定并优化其空间分布，从而显著影响作物根系的生长和产量。然而，随着滴灌施肥技术在中国新疆的推广，为提高棉花的磷营养，施肥方法已从 100% 基肥施用转变为基肥和灌溉施肥相结合。本研究旨在确定滴灌施肥系统下棉花的最佳钾肥施用深度。方法进行了田间试验，比较了不同的钾肥施用深度（5 厘米、15 厘米和 25 厘米，分别称为 D5、D15 和 D25），钾肥施用量为 50%，其余 50%通过滴灌施肥作为上肥施用。对照组（CK）包括 50% 的撒施磷肥和 50% 的表层施肥。研究的重点是施肥深度对土壤磷的可用性、根系生长模式、磷的利用率和棉花产量的影响。结果在棉铃开放阶段，与 CK 相比，D15 处理在 10-40 厘米土层中的可用磷显著增加了 18.69 %-49.76 %。在从棉铃顶端到棉铃开口阶段，D15 处理在总根生物量密度（11.62 %-17.54 %）、总根长度（16.75 %-24.81 %）、总根表面积（23.07 %-37.59 %）和总根体积（20.69 %-26.23 %）方面的表现明显优于 CK。结论在种植滴灌棉花之前，将 50% 的磷肥作为带状肥料施在 15 厘米深的土壤中是最佳做法。这种做法提高了土壤中 P 的可用性，促进了根系的生长和分布，最终提高了 P 的利用率和棉花产量。这项技术提供了一种新的施肥方法，提高了滴灌系统的养分利用效率和作物产量。

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.