Development and assessment of eco- and user-friendly geopolymeric stabilizers for sustainable soil improvement

Cleaner Waste Systems Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1016/j.clwas.2024.100170

Mukhtar Hamid Abed , Israa Sabbar Abbas

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Abstract

This paper presents an innovative approach to address inherent limitations in traditional geopolymerization methods by focusing on producing eco and user-friendly mechano-chemically activated geopolymeric (M-GP) stabilizers for soil stabilization applications. A comparative analysis is conducted to benchmark the effectiveness of these stabilizers against conventionally activated geopolymer (C-GP) stabilizers. The study also investigates the influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) amount on the mechanical and durability characteristics of stabilized soil specimens. Furthermore, the effect of activation techniques on the efficacy and strength of soil after sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) exposure was investigated. The durability performance was evaluated by submerging the samples in a 1 % H₂SO₄ solution for a period of 60 and 120 days. The evaluation addresses various aspects such as visual appearance, mass changes, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of geopolymer-stabilized soil samples. Results indicate that the UCS of M-GP samples surpassed C-GP-stabilized soil by 12–45 %. Moreover, the geopolymer-stabilized soil exhibited a significant increase in strength, with improvements of 114 %, 247 %, and 361 % observed at GGBFS content levels of 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % by weight, respectively. After exposure to the H₂SO₄ solution, M-GP-stabilized soil demonstrated superior resistance to sulfuric acid compared to C-GP-stabilized soil. The residual ultimate compressive strength (UCS) for M-GP and C-GP specimens was 80 % and 76 % respectively after being subjected to the H₂SO₄ solution for 60 days. However, these values further declined to 53 % and 48 % after 120 days of exposure. In addition, the result showed that geopolymer-stabilized soil containing 75 % slag exhibited superior resistance to H₂SO₄ compared to other stabilized soil samples.

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开发和评估生态友好型土工聚合物稳定剂，促进可持续土壤改良

本文提出了一种创新方法来解决传统土工聚合方法的固有局限性，重点是生产用于土壤稳定应用的生态和用户友好型机械化学活化土工聚合稳定剂（M-GP）。研究人员对这些稳定剂与传统的活化土工聚合物（C-GP）稳定剂的效果进行了比较分析。研究还调查了研磨粒化高炉矿渣（GGBFS）用量对稳定土试样机械和耐久性特征的影响。此外，还研究了硫酸（H2SO4）暴露后活化技术对土壤功效和强度的影响。通过将样本浸没在 1% H2SO4 溶液中 60 天和 120 天，对其耐久性能进行了评估。评估涉及土工聚合物稳定土壤样品的外观、质量变化、无侧限抗压强度（UCS）、超声波脉冲速度（UPV）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）等多个方面。结果表明，M-GP 样品的 UCS 比 C-GP 稳定土壤高出 12-45%。此外，土工聚合物稳定土壤的强度也有显著提高，在 GGBFS 含量为 50%、75% 和 100%（按重量计）时，强度分别提高了 114%、247% 和 361%。在接触 H2SO4 溶液后，与 C-GP 稳定土壤相比，M-GP 稳定土壤表现出更强的抗硫酸能力。在 H2SO4 溶液中浸泡 60 天后，M-GP 和 C-GP 试样的残余极限抗压强度（UCS）分别为 80% 和 76%。然而，在暴露 120 天后，这些数值进一步下降到 53 % 和 48 %。此外，研究结果表明，与其他稳定土样相比，含有 75% 矿渣的土工聚合物稳定土对 H2SO4 的抗性更强。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cleaner Waste Systems

CiteScore

2.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量