Operationalizing a more comprehensive conceptualization of polychronicity: A consideration of single-tasking, task-switching, and dual-tasking

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2024.112909

Matt C. Howard , Kent K. Alipour , Melissa B. Gutworth

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Polychronicity, the preference for multitasking, is becoming increasingly important in modern workplaces, but extant research is limited by an incomplete view of the construct. Existing measures of polychronicity assess preferences for task-switching alone, despite multitasking consisting of both dual-tasking and task-switching. To resolve this tension, we undergo a three-study scale development process to create and validate two comprehensive measures of polychronicity capturing preferences for task-switching and dual-tasking. We also consider whether monochronicity (preferences for single-tasking) and no preference are antipolar dimensions, and we investigate the effectiveness of two different assessments: a Likert scale and a novel vignette format. Results support the distinctiveness of task-switching and dual-tasking preferences, confirm monochronicity as an antipolar dimension of polychronicity, and identify no preference as a related but distinct construct. Both assessment formats effectively measured polychronicity and demonstrate incremental validity in predicting peer-rated multitasking behaviors and work performance beyond existing scales. These findings expand our understanding of individual differences in multitasking preferences and offer new tools for assessing this important construct in work settings.

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将更全面的多任务概念化付诸实施：对单一任务、任务切换和双重任务的思考

多任务性，即对多任务的偏好，在现代工作场所正变得越来越重要，但由于对这一概念的认识不全面，现有的研究受到了限制。尽管多任务包括双重任务和任务切换，但现有的多同步性测量方法仅评估任务切换偏好。为了解决这一矛盾，我们进行了三项量表开发研究，创建并验证了两种多同步性综合测量方法，以捕捉任务切换和双重任务的偏好。我们还考虑了单时性（对单一任务的偏好）和无偏好是否是对立的两个维度，并研究了两种不同评估方法的有效性：李克特量表和新颖的小故事形式。结果支持任务切换和双重任务偏好的独特性，确认单时性是多时性的一个反极性维度，并确定无偏好是一个相关但独特的结构。这两种评估形式都能有效测量多时性，并在预测同伴评价的多任务行为和工作表现方面显示出超越现有量表的增量有效性。这些发现拓展了我们对多任务偏好个体差异的理解，并为评估工作环境中这一重要结构提供了新的工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Personality and Individual Differences PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

4.70%

发文量

577

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Personality and Individual Differences is devoted to the publication of articles (experimental, theoretical, review) which aim to integrate as far as possible the major factors of personality with empirical paradigms from experimental, physiological, animal, clinical, educational, criminological or industrial psychology or to seek an explanation for the causes and major determinants of individual differences in concepts derived from these disciplines. The editors are concerned with both genetic and environmental causes, and they are particularly interested in possible interaction effects.