Method: Body composition assessment of sows using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Animal - Open Space Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100079

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Abstract

For about 30 years, the introduction of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanners in swine research has enabled the non-invasive study of body composition kinetics in animals. So far, the use of DXA technology in swine was focused on piglets, growing pigs up to about 140 kg of BW, as well as carcasses. Due to their size and weight, measuring a sow’s body composition is beyond the technical limits of the device. Furthermore, the chemical composition derived from DXA values is based on equations developed for pigs weighing between 20 and 100 kg. The present aim was to focus on the sow to (1) present a standard operation procedure to obtain the body composition of sows by DXA, and (2) assess the ability of available equations to predict a sow’s chemical body composition. For (1), a study investigated the effect of the animal’s position on DXA body composition. A total of 58 DXA acquisitions of sows were obtained on the standard ventral position (front and back legs extended) and on the lateral position (on left flank with right legs placed inward and left legs placed outward). The predicted BW, lean tissue mass, fat tissue mass, bone mineral content, bone area, and bone mineral density of the standard ventral position from the obtained lateral position resulted in root mean square prediction errors expressed as a percentage of the observed mean value of 0.5, 1.9, 5.0, 2.7, 3.1 and 3.5%, respectively. For (2), 3 sows were scanned alive and then slaughtered to measure chemical composition, then, these results were compared with equations based on growing pig data. The chemical composition of the carcass was predicted more accurately than that of the empty body. Regarding minerals, the Ca and P contents of the empty body were overestimated (12 and 3% respectively), as with the Ca content of the carcass (6%), while the P content of the carcass was underestimated (5%). In conclusion, the proposed material and operation procedure enables the scanning of sows which exceed the maximal specification of a DXA device. Furthermore, before concluding the accuracy of the chemical body composition prediction equations based on DXA data for pigs weighing between 20 and 100 kg, additional data are required to determine their applicability to sows.

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方法：方法：使用双能 X 射线吸收测定法评估母猪的身体成分

大约 30 年来，双 X 射线吸收仪（DXA）扫描仪在猪研究中的应用使得对动物体成分动力学的无创研究成为可能。迄今为止，DXA 技术在猪身上的应用主要集中在仔猪、体重不超过 140 千克的生长猪以及胴体上。由于母猪的体型和体重，测量母猪的身体成分超出了设备的技术极限。此外，根据 DXA 值得出的化学成分是基于为体重在 20 至 100 公斤之间的猪开发的方程。目前的目标是以母猪为重点，(1) 提出通过 DXA 获取母猪身体成分的标准操作程序，(2) 评估现有公式预测母猪身体化学成分的能力。对于(1)，一项研究调查了动物位置对 DXA 体成分的影响。在标准腹位（前腿和后腿伸直）和侧位（左侧腹，右腿向内，左腿向外）上共采集了 58 头母猪的 DXA 图像。根据侧卧位对标准腹位的体重、瘦肉组织质量、脂肪组织质量、骨矿物质含量、骨面积和骨矿物质密度进行预测，得出的均方根预测误差（以占观测平均值的百分比表示）分别为 0.5%、1.9%、5.0%、2.7%、3.1% 和 3.5%。对于 (2)，对 3 头母猪进行活体扫描，然后宰杀以测量化学成分，然后将这些结果与基于生长猪数据的方程进行比较。对胴体化学成分的预测比对空体化学成分的预测更准确。在矿物质方面，空体的钙和磷含量被高估了（分别为 12% 和 3%），胴体的钙含量被高估了（6%），而胴体的磷含量被低估了（5%）。总之，所建议的材料和操作程序可对超过 DXA 设备最大规格的母猪进行扫描。此外，在对基于 DXA 数据的体重在 20 至 100 公斤之间的猪的化学体成分预测方程的准确性得出结论之前，还需要更多数据来确定其对母猪的适用性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Animal - Open Space

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