{"title":"Liquid Metal-Enhanced Composite Conductive Ink with Improved Electrical Stability and Durability for Flexible Electronics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2024.115966","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For flexible electronics, conductive ink is a critical material with diverse applications. However, conventional inks, like those based on nano-silver, are expensive and result in printed patterns with limited conductivity stability. To address these limitations and enhance overall electrical performance, stability, and durability, this study developed a novel composite conductive ink incorporating liquid metal and silver microparticles. We fabricated conductive patterns and extensively investigated the sintering process, focusing on how liquid metal content and sintering techniques affect the resulting patterns' electrical performance and stability. Our findings reveal that incorporating liquid metal introduces a slight trade-off in the initial conductivity. However, subsequent thermal and hot-press sintering treatments significantly improve conductivity, with hot-press sintering leading to the most pronounced enhancement. Furthermore, the addition of liquid metal substantially bolsters the electrical stability of the patterns. Notably, conductive patterns fabricated using a 1:1 mass ratio of the ink exhibit <span><math><mo>∆</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> values of only 1.72 and 0.432 after 5000 bending cycles, following thermal and hot-press sintering, respectively. This highlights the significant improvement in electrical stability and durability achieved by incorporating liquid metal into the conductive ink.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924424724009609","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
For flexible electronics, conductive ink is a critical material with diverse applications. However, conventional inks, like those based on nano-silver, are expensive and result in printed patterns with limited conductivity stability. To address these limitations and enhance overall electrical performance, stability, and durability, this study developed a novel composite conductive ink incorporating liquid metal and silver microparticles. We fabricated conductive patterns and extensively investigated the sintering process, focusing on how liquid metal content and sintering techniques affect the resulting patterns' electrical performance and stability. Our findings reveal that incorporating liquid metal introduces a slight trade-off in the initial conductivity. However, subsequent thermal and hot-press sintering treatments significantly improve conductivity, with hot-press sintering leading to the most pronounced enhancement. Furthermore, the addition of liquid metal substantially bolsters the electrical stability of the patterns. Notably, conductive patterns fabricated using a 1:1 mass ratio of the ink exhibit values of only 1.72 and 0.432 after 5000 bending cycles, following thermal and hot-press sintering, respectively. This highlights the significant improvement in electrical stability and durability achieved by incorporating liquid metal into the conductive ink.
期刊介绍:
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas:
• Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results.
• Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon.
• Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays.
• Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers.
Etc...