Influence of varying branched-chain amino acid ratio in diets containing corn gluten meal, L-isoleucine, and L-valine on 0–21 d turkey poult performance, relative mTOR activation, and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility

IF 1.6 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.japr.2024.100486

E.B. Estanich , K.M. Bowen , L.E. Knarr , E.A. Lynch , S.L. Noll , A.R. Garcia Morales , J.S. Moritz

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Abstract

The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, and valine are essential AA needed for energy production, protein synthesis, and anabolic signaling functions via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in turkeys. Imbalanced BCAA ratios can lead to antagonism and degradation of limiting BCAA, particularly in diets with excess leucine. Concentrated corn proteins contain high levels of leucine and can alter BCAA requirements; however, L-Ile and L-Val may be added to correct BCAA ratios. This study evaluated the effects of varying dietary BCAA ratio using corn gluten meal, L-Ile, and L-Val on performance, mTOR activation, and apparent ileal AA digestibility in commercial turkey hens from 0 to 21 d of age. A 38.4% corn and 49.8% soybean meal diet served as the Control. In uncorrected high leucine treatments, feed intake, bird weight, and live weight gain decreased (P < 0.05), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased relative to the Control at d 14 (P < 0.05). Performance equivalent to the Control was induced by adding both L-Ile and L-Val at d 14 (P > 0.05), and FCR decreased relative to the Control at d 21 (P < 0.05). Relative mTOR activation numerically increased with high leucine diets compared to the Control (P = 0.13). BCAA digestibility was maximized in high leucine diets with additional L-Ile and L-Val (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that diets containing excess leucine from concentrated corn proteins can decrease poult hen performance, but concomitant additions of L-Ile and L-Val may restore performance. In production settings, nutritionists should assess the costs associated with BCAA supplementation at practical levels vs. corn and soybean meal-based diets.

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含有玉米麸质粉、L-异亮氨酸和 L-缬氨酸的日粮中不同支链氨基酸比例对 0-21 日龄火鸡生产性能、相对 mTOR 激活和表观回肠氨基酸消化率的影响

支链氨基酸（BCAA）亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸是火鸡能量生产、蛋白质合成和通过哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶标（mTOR）途径实现合成代谢信号功能所必需的 AA。BCAA 比例失调会导致限制性 BCAA 的拮抗和降解，尤其是在亮氨酸过量的日粮中。浓缩玉米蛋白含有高水平的亮氨酸，会改变 BCAA 的需求量；不过，可以添加 L-Ile 和 L-Val 来纠正 BCAA 的比例。本研究评估了使用玉米麸皮粉、L-Ile 和 L-Val 改变日粮 BCAA 比例对 0 至 21 日龄商品火鸡的生产性能、mTOR 激活和表观回肠 AA 消化率的影响。38.4% 的玉米和 49.8% 的豆粕日粮为对照组。在未经校正的高亮氨酸处理中，相对于对照组，第 14 d 的采食量、鸡体重和活重增重下降（P < 0.05），饲料转化率（FCR）上升（P < 0.05）。在第 14 天添加 L-Ile 和 L-Val 可诱导出与对照组相当的生产性能（P > 0.05），而在第 21 天，FCR 相对于对照组有所下降（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比（P = 0.13），高亮氨酸日粮的相对 mTOR 激活在数量上有所增加。在添加了 L-Ile 和 L-Val 的高亮氨酸日粮中，BCAA 消化率达到最高（P < 0.05）。这些结果表明，日粮中含有过量来自浓缩玉米蛋白的亮氨酸会降低鸡的生产性能，但同时添加 L-Ile 和 L-Val 可恢复生产性能。在生产环境中，营养学家应评估以实际水平补充 BCAA 与以玉米和豆粕为基础的日粮相比的相关成本。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Applied Poultry Research 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

10.50%

发文量

审稿时长

104 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Applied Poultry Research (JAPR) publishes original research reports, field reports, and reviews on breeding, hatching, health and disease, layer management, meat bird processing and products, meat bird management, microbiology, food safety, nutrition, environment, sanitation, welfare, and economics. As of January 2020, JAPR will become an Open Access journal with no subscription charges, meaning authors who publish here can make their research immediately, permanently, and freely accessible worldwide while retaining copyright to their work. Papers submitted for publication after October 1, 2019 will be published as Open Access papers. The readers of JAPR are in education, extension, industry, and government, including research, teaching, administration, veterinary medicine, management, production, quality assurance, product development, and technical services. Nutritionists, breeder flock supervisors, production managers, microbiologists, laboratory personnel, food safety and sanitation managers, poultry processing managers, feed manufacturers, and egg producers use JAPR to keep up with current applied poultry research.