Covering reduces emissions of ammonia, methane, and nitrous oxide from stockpiled broiler litter

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Jesper N. Kamp, Anders Feilberg
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Abstract

Poultry litter, a mix of excreta, bedding material, and discarded feed, is extracted from poultry houses, and used as fertiliser. The litter is often stored in stockpiles outside before field application thereby posing a risk for negative environmental and climatic impact from emissions of ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gases (GHG). This study investigated the emissions of methane (CH4), NH3, and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a 22 tonnes broiler litter stockpile over 44 days. The emissions were measured on a farm-scale stockpile with and without coverage using the backward Lagrangian Stochastic method. The results showed distinct emission patterns for each gas during the measurement periods. For all compounds, the emissions during the covered period were significantly lower than during the two uncovered periods. The reduction due to coverage was 92–95% for NH3, 25–40% for CH4, and 82–89% for N2O. NH3 emissions were highest immediately after coverage removal and during stockpile removal. CH4 emissions were highest during stockpile removal and lowest during coverage. N2O emissions were lowest during coverage but a notable increase after coverage removal was observed. The temperature within the stockpile showed variations at different heights, with the highest temperatures recorded in the middle of the stockpile. GHG emissions, based on global warming potential, indicate substantial contributions from N2O, accounting for 55–72% of emissions in CO2-equivalents during uncovered periods and 27% during coverage. Furthermore, GHG emissions were reduced 63–72% during coverage compared to the uncovered periods highlighting the importance for immediate coverage of stockpiles to minimise NH3 and GHG emissions.
覆盖可减少堆放的肉鸡粪便中的氨气、甲烷和氧化亚氮的排放
家禽粪便是排泄物、垫料和废弃饲料的混合物,从禽舍中提取,用作肥料。家禽粪便在田间施用前通常堆放在室外,因此可能会排放氨气 (NH3) 和温室气体 (GHG),对环境和气候造成负面影响。本研究调查了 22 吨肉鸡粪便堆放 44 天的甲烷 (CH4)、NH3 和一氧化二氮 (N2O) 排放情况。使用后向拉格朗日随机方法测量了有覆盖和无覆盖的农场规模堆放物的排放量。结果显示,每种气体在测量期间都有不同的排放模式。对于所有化合物,覆盖期的排放量都明显低于两个未覆盖期。覆盖后,NH3 的排放量减少了 92-95%,CH4 减少了 25-40%,N2O 减少了 82-89%。NH3 排放量在覆盖物移除后和堆放物移除期间最高。CH4 排放量在清除堆放物期间最高,在覆盖期间最低。N2O 排放量在覆盖期间最低,但在覆盖物移除后明显增加。堆存区内的温度在不同高度有变化,堆存区中部的温度最高。根据全球升温潜能值计算的温室气体排放量表明,一氧化二氮的排放量很大,在未覆盖期间占二氧化碳当量排放量的 55-72%,在覆盖期间占 27%。此外,与未覆盖时期相比,覆盖时期的温室气体排放量减少了 63-72%,这凸显了立即覆盖库存以尽量减少 NH3 和温室气体排放量的重要性。
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来源期刊
Biosystems Engineering
Biosystems Engineering 农林科学-农业工程
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
7.80%
发文量
239
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Biosystems Engineering publishes research in engineering and the physical sciences that represent advances in understanding or modelling of the performance of biological systems for sustainable developments in land use and the environment, agriculture and amenity, bioproduction processes and the food chain. The subject matter of the journal reflects the wide range and interdisciplinary nature of research in engineering for biological systems.
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