Evaluating common supply air temperature setpoint reset strategies with varying occupancy patterns and behaviours

Abstract

The supply air temperature (SAT) setpoint of a multi-zone variable air volume (VAV) air handling unit (AHU) systems significantly affects the system’s performance. ASHRAE Guideline 36 introduces a so-called trim and respond logic defining the SAT reset behaviour of these systems. The trim and respond logic for SAT reset relies on demand-based feedback. Many studies have assessed ASHRAE Guideline 36, however there is a literature gap in addressing the performance of the trim and respond SAT reset with varying occupancy patterns and behaviours. This paper studies four SAT reset strategies under different thermal preferences and irregular occupancy patterns: (1) constant 13°C SAT, (2) SAT reset based on outdoor air temperature (OAT), (3) trim and respond, and (4) trim and respond combined with OAT reset. Different cases of zone-level setpoints and irregular occupancy schedules have been simulated in EnergyPlus with the studied SAT setpoint reset methods. The results show that varying setpoints across different zones lead to higher energy use with all studied SAT reset strategies. The highest variation in energy use was accompanied with constant SAT, with a standard deviation of 16 ${\text{kWh/m}}^2$, and the highest variation in averaged discomfort fraction was accompanied with OAT reset, with a standard deviation of 5.3%. Both trim and respond methods achieved better comfort results with varying setpoints. These findings establish a basis for future work on developing a SAT reset strategy that utilizes occupant-centric control (OCC) that optimally balances thermal comfort and energy use.