{"title":"Neural and immune interactions linking early life stress and anhedonia","authors":"Rachel Deanna Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100881","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early experiences of stress and adversity are associated with blunted reward sensitivity and altered reward learning. Meanwhile, anhedonia is characterized by impairments in reward processing, including motivation, effort, and pleasure. Early life stress (ELS) and anhedonia share psychological, behavioral, and neurobiological correlates, and the system-level interactions that give rise to anhedonia have yet to be fully appreciated. The proposed framework uses a multilevel, multisystem approach to aid in understanding neural-immune interactions that link ELS and anhedonia. The interactions linking anhedonia and ELS presented here include reduced reward sensitivity, alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response, elevated inflammatory cytokines or physiological markers of stress, and blunted reward circuitry functioning along the mesocorticolimbic pathway. The clinical implications and areas for future research are also discussed. Ultimately, this research may inform the development of more specific and individualized treatments for anhedonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354624001595","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Early experiences of stress and adversity are associated with blunted reward sensitivity and altered reward learning. Meanwhile, anhedonia is characterized by impairments in reward processing, including motivation, effort, and pleasure. Early life stress (ELS) and anhedonia share psychological, behavioral, and neurobiological correlates, and the system-level interactions that give rise to anhedonia have yet to be fully appreciated. The proposed framework uses a multilevel, multisystem approach to aid in understanding neural-immune interactions that link ELS and anhedonia. The interactions linking anhedonia and ELS presented here include reduced reward sensitivity, alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response, elevated inflammatory cytokines or physiological markers of stress, and blunted reward circuitry functioning along the mesocorticolimbic pathway. The clinical implications and areas for future research are also discussed. Ultimately, this research may inform the development of more specific and individualized treatments for anhedonia.
早期的压力和逆境经历与奖赏敏感性减弱和奖赏学习改变有关。与此同时,失乐症的特点是奖赏处理能力受损,包括动机、努力和愉悦。早期生活压力(ELS)和失乐症有着共同的心理、行为和神经生物学相关性,而导致失乐症的系统级相互作用尚未得到充分认识。本研究提出的框架采用多层次、多系统的方法,帮助人们理解将 ELS 和失乐症联系在一起的神经-免疫相互作用。本文介绍的将失乐症和 ELS 联系起来的相互作用包括奖赏敏感性降低、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴反应改变、炎症细胞因子或应激生理标记物升高以及沿皮质中层边缘通路的奖赏回路功能减弱。此外,还讨论了临床影响和未来研究领域。最终,这项研究可能会为开发更具体、更个性化的厌食症治疗方法提供参考。