Development of free flowing granular hybrid functionalized clay sorbent filters for chromium removal from waste water

IF 5.3 2区地球科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Applied Clay Science Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2024.107591

Rothish R. Nair , Sayoojya P. Sathyan , K.P. Prathish

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chromium (VI) contamination in water resources at industrial sites poses significant environmental and health risks. Conventional sorbents often suffer from limitations such as clogging, back pressure, poor kinetics, and challenges in coupling with flow systems and regeneration. This study focuses on developing, characterizing, and applying free-flowing granular (FFG) amidoxime-functionalized montmorillonite (Mt) clay sorbents (AO-Mt-H-C) to enhance chromium (VI) removal from contaminated waste water. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that AO-Mt-H-C outperformed montmorillonite clay modified with quaternary ammonium alone (Mt-H-C), achieving a Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 50.6 mg g⁻¹ compared to 44.3 mg g⁻¹, due to the synergistic interactions of quaternary ammonium and amidoxime functionalities. To address the limitations of conventional sorbents, such as clogging and poor kinetics, an FFG filter column was developed and tested, showing effective Cr (VI) removal across various water sources with minimal interference in drinking and groundwater. In industrial wastewater with higher matrix loads, over 99 % removal efficiency was achieved with a 25 % increase in sorbent dosage. Desorption and reusability assessments confirmed the AO-Mt-H-C's effectiveness across three cycles. Mathematical modelling using Thomas and Yoon–Nelson equations supported the design of customized treatment systems. Scalability was demonstrated by treating 1.6 m³ of textile industrial effluents (100 mg L⁻¹ Cr (VI)) with quantitative removal efficiency (>99.5 %). This study illustrates that the hybrid functionalization and free-flowing granulation of clay sorbent materials significantly enhance Cr (VI) removal, providing valuable insights for advanced water pollution mitigation and environmental sustainability.

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开发用于去除废水中铬的自由流动颗粒混合功能化粘土吸附剂过滤器

工业场地水资源中的铬（VI）污染对环境和健康构成了重大风险。传统的吸附剂往往存在堵塞、背压、动力学性能差等局限性，在与流动系统耦合和再生方面也面临挑战。本研究的重点是开发、表征和应用自由流动颗粒（FFG）脒氧肟功能化蒙脱石（Mt）粘土吸附剂（AO-Mt-H-C），以提高受污染废水中铬（VI）的去除率。批量吸附实验表明，AO-Mt-H-C 的性能优于单独用季铵盐改性的蒙脱石粘土（Mt-H-C），由于季铵盐和脒肟官能团的协同作用，AO-Mt-H-C 对六价铬的去除率达到 50.6 mg g-1，而单独用季铵盐改性的蒙脱石粘土对六价铬的去除率为 44.3 mg g-1。为解决传统吸附剂堵塞和动力学性能差等局限性，开发并测试了一种 FFG 过滤柱，结果表明该过滤柱可有效去除各种水源中的六（Cr），对饮用水和地下水的干扰极小。在基质负荷较高的工业废水中，吸附剂用量增加 25%，去除率超过 99%。解吸和可重复使用性评估证实了 AO-Mt-H-C 在三个周期内的有效性。使用托马斯和尹-尼尔森方程建立的数学模型为定制处理系统的设计提供了支持。通过处理 1.6 立方米的纺织工业废水（100 毫克/升-1 Cr (VI)），定量去除效率（99.5%）证明了其可扩展性。这项研究表明，粘土吸附剂材料的混合功能化和自由流动造粒可显著提高对六价铬的去除率，为先进的水污染缓解和环境可持续性提供了宝贵的见解。

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来源期刊

Applied Clay Science 地学-矿物学

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

10.70%

发文量

289

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Applied Clay Science aims to be an international journal attracting high quality scientific papers on clays and clay minerals, including research papers, reviews, and technical notes. The journal covers typical subjects of Fundamental and Applied Clay Science such as: • Synthesis and purification • Structural, crystallographic and mineralogical properties of clays and clay minerals • Thermal properties of clays and clay minerals • Physico-chemical properties including i) surface and interface properties; ii) thermodynamic properties; iii) mechanical properties • Interaction with water, with polar and apolar molecules • Colloidal properties and rheology • Adsorption, Intercalation, Ionic exchange • Genesis and deposits of clay minerals • Geology and geochemistry of clays • Modification of clays and clay minerals properties by thermal and physical treatments • Modification by chemical treatments with organic and inorganic molecules(organoclays, pillared clays) • Modification by biological microorganisms. etc...