Bioavailability of molybdenite to support nitrogen fixation on early Earth by an anoxygenic phototroph

IF 4.8 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Earth and Planetary Science Letters Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2024.119056

Xinyi Zhou , Yizhi Sheng , Yanning Zheng , Mingyue Jiang , Mengmei Wang , Zihua Zhu , Gaoyuan Li , Oliver Baars , Hailiang Dong

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Abstract

Biological nitrogen fixation, which converts atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonia, is catalyzed mostly by Mo-nitrogenase and is a primary contributor to bioavailable nitrogen on early Earth. Mo-nitrogenase is believed to have evolved during the Archean, despite the extremely low concentration of dissolved Mo. However, it remains unclear whether Mo minerals could serve as a source of Mo to support the prevalence of Mo-nitrogenase on early Earth. Here we investigated the bioavailability of molybdenite by incubating it with a metabolically ancient anoxygenic phototroph (Rhodopseudomonas palustris) under anoxic conditions. In the laboratory, R. palustris utilized molybdenum from molybdenite as a cofactor for nitrogen fixation. This bacterium extracted Mo from molybdenite by secreting molybdophores rhodopetrobactin A and B and by expressing Mo transport proteins. Surface-sensitive techniques demonstrated significant changes in surface chemistry of molybdenite after its interaction with cells. These findings provide novel explanations for the prevalence of Mo-nitrogenase on early Earth, with significant implications for nitrogen fixation in modern Mo-deficient environments.

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辉钼矿在早期地球上支持无氧光营养体固氮作用的生物利用率

生物固氮将大气中的二氮转化为氨，主要是由钼-氮化酶催化的，是早期地球上生物可用氮的主要来源。尽管溶解态钼的浓度极低，但钼-氮酶被认为是在阿基坦时期进化而来的。然而，目前仍不清楚钼矿物是否可以作为支持早期地球上钼-氮化酶盛行的钼来源。在这里，我们通过在缺氧条件下将辉钼矿与一种新陈代谢古老的缺氧光营养体（Rhodopseudomonas palustris）一起培养，研究了辉钼矿的生物利用率。在实验室中，R. palustris 利用辉钼矿中的钼作为固氮的辅助因子。这种细菌通过分泌钼藻类 rhodopetrobactin A 和 B 以及表达钼转运蛋白，从辉钼矿中提取钼。表面敏感技术表明，辉钼矿与细胞相互作用后，其表面化学成分发生了显著变化。这些发现为早期地球上钼氮酶的普遍存在提供了新的解释，对现代缺钼环境中的固氮作用具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Earth and Planetary Science Letters 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

5.70%

发文量

475

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： Earth and Planetary Science Letters (EPSL) is a leading journal for researchers across the entire Earth and planetary sciences community. It publishes concise, exciting, high-impact articles ("Letters") of broad interest. Its focus is on physical and chemical processes, the evolution and general properties of the Earth and planets - from their deep interiors to their atmospheres. EPSL also includes a Frontiers section, featuring invited high-profile synthesis articles by leading experts on timely topics to bring cutting-edge research to the wider community.