Incorporating industrial residue of submerged arc welding (SAW) in cement-based mortar matrices as a green strategy

Abstract

The construction industry, a key player in the fight against greenhouse gas emissions and solid waste generation, is actively seeking sustainable solutions to mitigate environmental impacts. This study investigates the technical feasibility of incorporating submerged arc slag, a byproduct rich in calcium and silicon oxides, into the mechanical properties of mortars. Three mixtures with a water/cement ratio of 1.4 were prepared: a reference mixture, one with the addition of 10 % slag, and another with 10 % cement replaced by slag. Compressive strength tests were carried out at 7, 14, and 28 days and revealed average losses of 12.4 %, 18.9 %, and 22.9 % in the mixture with replaced cement, while the mixture with slag addition showed lower losses of 2.6 %, 4.9 %, and 5.3 %. Although partial replacement of cement affects strength, levels remain within regulatory limits, and slag contributes to reducing CO₂ emissions, minimizes waste generation, and promotes the valorization of industrial byproducts. This study underscores the role of the construction industry in mitigating environmental impacts and the potential of submerged arc slag as a sustainable and effective alternative, balancing mechanical performance and environmental impact in civil construction.