Predicting Physical Violence Against Corrections Officers Across Three Levels of Severity Using Individual and Environmental Characteristics

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Samantha S. Taaka, Armon Tamatea, Devon L. L. Polaschek
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Abstract

Working in prisons can be a challenging job, managing a population of incarcerated people while keeping oneself, one’s colleagues, and the people themselves safe. Some corrections officers may expect violence in the workplace, yet being a victim of violence is no trivial experience. In prison, violent incidents are categorized according to the severity of the violence perpetrated. However, we do not know how characteristics of a violent incident may contribute to the severity of violence perpetrated toward corrections staff. To begin to address this gap, we examined characteristics of physical assault incidents in New Zealand prisons between 2016 and 2020, in which the perpetrator of the incident was a male prisoner and the victim was a corrections officer. We examined the prediction of incidents across three levels of severity using individual and environmental characteristics. Perpetrators of serious violence tended to be already segregated from the general population at the time of the assault. We also found that perpetrators of assault against staff were different from the general prison population: prisoners who assaulted staff were more likely to be younger, gang affiliated, and had higher security classifications compared to prisoners who did not assault staff. Research suggests that characteristics of perpetrators can contribute to their risk of perpetrating violence; we found that characteristics of perpetrators (i.e., being segregated) can also contribute to the severity of violence perpetrated. Furthermore, we offer a direct comparison between prisoners who assaulted staff and prisoners who did not, therefore cementing research that prisoners who assaulted staff are different from the rest of the prison population.
利用个人和环境特征预测三个严重程度的惩教人员人身暴力行为
在监狱工作是一项极具挑战性的工作,既要管理监狱中的囚犯,又要保证自己、同事和囚犯的安全。一些管教人员可能会对工作场所的暴力事件有所期待,然而,成为暴力事件的受害者并非小事一桩。在监狱中,暴力事件会根据暴力的严重程度进行分类。然而,我们并不清楚暴力事件的特征会如何导致对管教人员实施暴力的严重程度。为了弥补这一不足,我们研究了 2016 年至 2020 年期间新西兰监狱中发生的人身攻击事件的特征,在这些事件中,施暴者为男性囚犯,受害者为惩教人员。我们利用个人和环境特征对三个严重程度的事件进行了预测。严重暴力事件的施暴者在袭击发生时往往已经与普通人群隔离。我们还发现,殴打工作人员的罪犯与普通囚犯有所不同:与没有殴打工作人员的囚犯相比,殴打工作人员的囚犯更有可能更年轻、更有可能加入帮派、安全等级更高。研究表明,施暴者的特征会导致其实施暴力的风险;我们发现,施暴者的特征(即被隔离)也会导致其实施暴力的严重程度。此外,我们还对殴打工作人员的囚犯和没有殴打工作人员的囚犯进行了直接比较,从而巩固了关于殴打工作人员的囚犯不同于其他囚犯的研究。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
12.00%
发文量
375
期刊介绍: The Journal of Interpersonal Violence is devoted to the study and treatment of victims and perpetrators of interpersonal violence. It provides a forum of discussion of the concerns and activities of professionals and researchers working in domestic violence, child sexual abuse, rape and sexual assault, physical child abuse, and violent crime. With its dual focus on victims and victimizers, the journal will publish material that addresses the causes, effects, treatment, and prevention of all types of violence. JIV only publishes reports on individual studies in which the scientific method is applied to the study of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Research may use qualitative or quantitative methods. JIV does not publish reviews of research, individual case studies, or the conceptual analysis of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Outcome data for program or intervention evaluations must include a comparison or control group.
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