Stretchable bacterial cellulose–based nanocomposites with outstanding mechanical strength for potential biomedical applications

IF 23.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.1007/s42114-024-00973-9

Furqan Ahmad, Fethi Abbassi, Mazhar Ul-Islam, Atiya Fatima, Sumayia Yasir, Shaukat Khan, Md Wasi Ahmad, Tahseen Kamal, Salman Ul Islam, Yawar Abbas, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Saleh Alfarraj, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Guang Yang, Muhammad Wajid Ullah

{"title":"Stretchable bacterial cellulose–based nanocomposites with outstanding mechanical strength for potential biomedical applications","authors":"Furqan Ahmad, Fethi Abbassi, Mazhar Ul-Islam, Atiya Fatima, Sumayia Yasir, Shaukat Khan, Md Wasi Ahmad, Tahseen Kamal, Salman Ul Islam, Yawar Abbas, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Saleh Alfarraj, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Guang Yang, Muhammad Wajid Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s42114-024-00973-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of stretchable bacterial cellulose (BC)–based nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical strength holds significant potential for biomedical applications. The study utilized the cost-effectively produced BC by using coconut waste as the carbon source and utilized an ex situ approach to synthesize BC-based composites by incorporating cactus gel (BC-C) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (BC-MWCNT) alone and together (BC-C-MWCNT). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed porous and fibrous morphology of BC and successful impregnation of cactus gel and MWCNTs into its matrix. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed successful additives integration, with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrating improved thermal stability. Mechanical behavior analysis via tensile testing demonstrated significant improvements in both tensile strength and elongation properties with the addition of cactus gel and MWCNTs. While cactus gel enhanced elongation to 17.03%, MWCNTs primarily increased tensile strength to 146.30 MPa, resulting in a balanced enhancement in BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposite. Full-field strain analysis using the three-dimensional digital image correction (3D-DIC) method provided insights into the failure mechanisms and strain localization. BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposite exhibited a combination of ductile and brittle failure modes, with enhanced strength and elongation compared to pristine BC. The BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposites demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In vitro biocompatibility assessments with NIH 3T3 cells showed superior cell proliferation and spreading for BC-C and BC-C-MWCNT composites. In conclusion, the incorporation of cactus gel and MWCNTs into the BC matrix significantly enhanced its structural, mechanical, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties, making it a promising biomaterial for advanced biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42114-024-00973-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The development of stretchable bacterial cellulose (BC)–based nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical strength holds significant potential for biomedical applications. The study utilized the cost-effectively produced BC by using coconut waste as the carbon source and utilized an ex situ approach to synthesize BC-based composites by incorporating cactus gel (BC-C) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (BC-MWCNT) alone and together (BC-C-MWCNT). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed porous and fibrous morphology of BC and successful impregnation of cactus gel and MWCNTs into its matrix. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed successful additives integration, with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrating improved thermal stability. Mechanical behavior analysis via tensile testing demonstrated significant improvements in both tensile strength and elongation properties with the addition of cactus gel and MWCNTs. While cactus gel enhanced elongation to 17.03%, MWCNTs primarily increased tensile strength to 146.30 MPa, resulting in a balanced enhancement in BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposite. Full-field strain analysis using the three-dimensional digital image correction (3D-DIC) method provided insights into the failure mechanisms and strain localization. BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposite exhibited a combination of ductile and brittle failure modes, with enhanced strength and elongation compared to pristine BC. The BC-C-MWCNT nanocomposites demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In vitro biocompatibility assessments with NIH 3T3 cells showed superior cell proliferation and spreading for BC-C and BC-C-MWCNT composites. In conclusion, the incorporation of cactus gel and MWCNTs into the BC matrix significantly enhanced its structural, mechanical, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties, making it a promising biomaterial for advanced biomedical applications.

查看原文本刊更多论文

具有出色机械强度的可拉伸细菌纤维素基纳米复合材料，可用于潜在的生物医学领域

开发具有更高机械强度的可拉伸细菌纤维素（BC）基纳米复合材料在生物医学应用方面具有巨大潜力。该研究利用椰子废料作为碳源，生产出具有成本效益的细菌纤维素，并采用原位合成法，将仙人掌凝胶（BC-C）和多壁碳纳米管（BC-MWCNT）单独或一起（BC-C-MWCNT）合成了基于细菌纤维素的复合材料。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）显示了 BC 的多孔和纤维状形态，并成功地将仙人掌凝胶和多壁碳纳米管浸渍到其基质中。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）分析证实了添加剂的成功整合，热重分析（TGA）表明热稳定性有所提高。通过拉伸测试进行的机械行为分析表明，添加仙人掌凝胶和 MWCNT 后，拉伸强度和伸长特性都有显著改善。仙人掌凝胶将伸长率提高到 17.03%，而 MWCNTs 则主要将拉伸强度提高到 146.30 兆帕，从而均衡地提高了 BC-C-MWCNT 纳米复合材料的性能。利用三维数字图像校正（3D-DIC）方法进行的全场应变分析有助于深入了解失效机制和应变定位。与原始 BC 相比，BC-C-MWCNT 纳米复合材料表现出韧性和脆性相结合的失效模式，强度和伸长率均有所提高。BC-C-MWCNT 纳米复合材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有显著的抗菌活性。用 NIH 3T3 细胞进行的体外生物相容性评估显示，BC-C 和 BC-C-MWCNT 复合材料的细胞增殖和扩散能力更强。总之，将仙人掌凝胶和 MWCNTs 加入 BC 基质可显著增强其结构、机械、抗菌和生物相容性能，使其成为一种具有先进生物医学应用前景的生物材料。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

26.00

自引率

21.40%

发文量

185

期刊介绍： Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials is a leading international journal that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biologists, and physicists working on composites, including nanocomposites. Our aim is to facilitate rapid scientific communication in this field. The journal publishes high-quality research on various aspects of composite materials, including materials design, surface and interface science/engineering, manufacturing, structure control, property design, device fabrication, and other applications. We also welcome simulation and modeling studies that are relevant to composites. Additionally, papers focusing on the relationship between fillers and the matrix are of particular interest. Our scope includes polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with a special emphasis on reviews and meta-analyses related to materials selection. We cover a wide range of topics, including transport properties, strategies for controlling interfaces and composition distribution, bottom-up assembly of nanocomposites, highly porous and high-density composites, electronic structure design, materials synergisms, and thermoelectric materials. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials follows a rigorous single-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and integrity of the published work.