Expected Neutrino Rates from Point-Like Astrophysical Sources in Baikal-GVD

Abstract

The main objective of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope is to detect high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources, thus contributing to the advancement of modern understanding of the high-energy universe. In the present work, we estimate the total neutrino detection rate from several hypothetical and tentatively established neutrino sources including TXS 0506+056, NGC 1068, and the Galactic Center assuming the hadronic emission scenario. The neutrino rate is calculated using a pre-computed detector effective area for track-like events. The daily source movement across the sky and the detector’s registration efficiency as a function of the energy and zenith angle are taken into account. The attenuation of the neutrino flux in the Earth is modeled using the \(\nu FATE\) package and is also incorporated into the neutrino detection rate calculations. We conclude that a 20-cluster version of Baikal-GVD is able to detect up to 10 neutrinos in 5 years on average at the trigger level for some sources. Taking into account the event reconstruction efficiency, the number of expected events with the current reconstruction mechanism is of the order of one event in every couple of years for the brightest sources.