Insights into the Response and Evolution of Microbial Communities During Long-Term Natural Remediation of Contaminated Abandoned Shale Gas Wells

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07545-z

Hongyang Ren, Shuangli Chen, Jiajian Shang, Yujia Gao, Yuanpeng Deng, Zhaoyang Wang, Guojun Hu, Bing Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

After shale gas well sites are exploited, remediation is essential to restore the ecological environment. Effective bioremediation often has long cycles, so reducing this period is a research focus. To elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms between microorganisms and oil removal and to support the acceleration of bioremediation, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-throughput sequencing technologies were utilized. The oil transformation and microbial response mechanisms during the natural remediation process from August to December at an abandoned shale gas well site in Weiyuan County, Neijiang City, Sichuan Province, were analyzed, revealing the directions of microbial succession. The Results showed that from August to September, the greatest degradation of oil components (C10-C20、C21-C30 alkanes) occurred, with Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Ascomycota playing major roles. Key contributors to oil degradation included Sphingomonas, Flavisolibacter, Ramlibacter, Mortierella, Fusarium, and Rectifusarium. These microorganisms, along with those such as Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonas, Ellin6067, Cercospora, Sarocladium, Preussia, Calyptrozyma, Staphylotrichum, and Exophiala, which facilitate the cycling of nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, collectively promote the degradation of oil. Moisture content, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and pH affect the activity of oil-degrading microbes and thus oil degradation. Conversely, microbes alter soil chemistry during degradation, impacting those physicochemical properties. This feedback mechanism influences the activity of other oil-degrading microbes, creating a dynamic interaction network. Ultimately, the microbial community shifts towards populations that aid soil ecosystem restoration. This study reveals microbial succession and its role in oil degradation, offering insights for improving and accelerating bioremediation.

Graphical Abstract

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受污染废弃页岩气井长期自然修复过程中微生物群落的反应和演化的启示

页岩气井场开采后，必须进行修复，以恢复生态环境。有效的生物修复通常需要较长的周期，因此缩短周期是研究的重点。为了阐明微生物与石油去除之间的内在机制，并为加速生物修复提供支持，研究人员采用了气相色谱-质谱联用技术和高通量测序技术。分析了四川省内江市威远县废弃页岩气井场 8 月至 12 月自然修复过程中的石油转化和微生物响应机制，揭示了微生物演替的方向。结果表明，8 月至 9 月是石油组分（C10-C20、C21-C30 烷烃）降解最严重的时期，其中放线菌群、革囊菌群、变形菌群、酸性菌群、类杆菌群和子囊菌群发挥了主要作用。对油类降解起主要作用的微生物包括鞘氨单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、弗拉维索尔杆菌属（Flavisolibacter）、拉姆利杆菌属（Ramlibacter）、莫蒂埃拉菌属（Mortierella）、镰刀菌属（Fusarium）和直裂菌属（Rectifusarium）。这些微生物以及 Chloroflexi、Gemmatimonas、Ellin6067、Cercospora、Sarocladium、Preussia、Calyptrozyma、Staphylotrichum 和 Exophiala 等促进碳、氮和磷等养分循环的微生物共同促进了油类降解。水分含量、导电率、总氮、总磷和 pH 值会影响降解石油的微生物的活动，从而影响石油降解。相反，微生物会在降解过程中改变土壤化学成分，从而影响这些物理化学特性。这种反馈机制会影响其他油降解微生物的活动，从而形成一个动态的互动网络。最终，微生物群落向有助于恢复土壤生态系统的种群转变。这项研究揭示了微生物演替及其在石油降解中的作用，为改进和加速生物修复提供了启示。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.