Are Membrane Bioreactors Really More Efficient in Removing Pharmaceutical Substances?—Variance Component Analysis Of Micropollutant Removal

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07505-7

Asmae El Brahmi, Arianna Azzellino, Francesca Malpei, Gianluigi Buttiglieri

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Abstract

This study evaluates the influence of micropollutant chemical characteristics on the removal of pharmaceutical substances through three different treatments: membrane bioreactor, full wastewater treatment with final filtration (WWTP), and secondary treatment through a conventional activated sludges system, operated in parallel at realistic sludge retention time (SRT) over three years and four sampling campaigns. Treated wastewater from the WWTP enters the local canal with a low dilution ratio. Therefore, the monitoring of water contamination is of particular interest for a reliable assessment of environmental risk. A total of 39 pharmaceutical substances were screened. While differences among the three types of treatments were found statistically not significant, data analysis performed through a generalized linear model showed that both the influent concentration and the physicochemical characteristics are strong predictors for the removal of micropollutant. SRT had no significance for the three types of treatment of this study. Finally, pharmaceuticals were divided into three major classes based on their influent concentration and removal. A canonical discriminant analysis was used to predict the removals and showed that the pharmaceuticals removal rates are strongly influenced by their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity and enabled to predict their removal categories with high accuracy (i.e., 65% of correct predictions).

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膜生物反应器是否真的能更有效地去除药物物质？

本研究评估了微污染物化学特性对通过三种不同处理方法去除药物物质的影响：膜生物反应器、带最终过滤的全废水处理（WWTP）和通过传统活性污泥系统进行的二级处理，这三种处理方法在实际污泥停留时间（SRT）下并行运行，历时三年，共进行了四次采样活动。经污水处理厂处理后的废水进入当地运河时，稀释率较低。因此，水污染监测对于可靠评估环境风险尤为重要。共筛选出 39 种药物物质。虽然三种处理方法之间的差异在统计学上并不显著，但通过广义线性模型进行的数据分析显示，进水浓度和理化特性对微污染物的去除有很强的预测作用。SRT 在本研究的三种处理方式中没有显著性。最后，根据进水浓度和去除率将药物分为三大类。采用典型判别分析预测去除率，结果表明，药物去除率受其疏水性/亲水性的影响很大，因此能够以较高的准确率（即 65% 的正确预测率）预测其去除类别。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.