Determination of Individual and Average Characteristics of Native Blood Erythrocytes by the Static Spectral Digital Microscopy Method

Abstract

The method of static (non-flow) spectral digital microscopy (SSDM) method to identify, to count and to determine the standard and individual characteristics of native blood erythrocytes is suggested. The object to study was the whole donor blood diluted by saline and placed into the counting Goryaev camber. Among the standard characteristics of erythrocytes, the following were determined: the concentration of erythrocytes in a blood sample RBC (Red Blood Cells concentration), the scatter of erythrocytes by volume RDW (Red cells Distribution Width), including RDW-SD and RDW-CV, hematocrit HCT, mean erythrocyte volume MCV (Mean Cell Volume). n addition, the possibility of measuring the average hemoglobin content in erythrocyte MCH (Mean Cell Hemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration), as well as the total content of hemoglobin HGB in the blood sample (Hemoglobin) was investigated. The peculiarity of SSCM method proposed lies in the fact that it fundamentally allows to determine not only the general hematological characteristics of blood samples (RBC, RDW-SD and RDW-CV, HGB), but also the mean values of the characteristics of native blood erythrocytes (MCV, MCH, MCHC), and also, and most importantly, the individual characteristics of each erythrocyte. The latter permitted the authors to introduce a new type of erythrocyte characteristics ICV, ICH, ICHC (Individual Cell Volume, Individual Cell Hemoglobin, Individual Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration). In turn, this made it possible to obtain the histograms of hemoglobin distribution in erythrocytes of a blood sample along with the traditional distribution of their volumes, which can serve as an additional tool in the field of hemodiagnostics. Thus, the paper shows that SSCM method makes it possible to compile an individual metrological “passport” for each erythrocyte of the blood sample under study—this is the main feature of this work.