Near-Field Integrated Sensing and Communication: Performance Analysis and Beamforming Design

IF 6.3 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Kaiqian Qu;Shuaishuai Guo;Nasir Saeed;Jia Ye
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper explores the potential near-field beamforming (NFBF) in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems with extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays). The large-scale antenna arrays increase the possibility of having communication users and targets of interest in the near field of the base station (BS). The paper first establishes the models of near-field spherical waves and far-field plane waves. With the models, we analyze the near-field beam focusing ability and the far-field beam steering ability by finding the gain-loss mathematical expression caused by the far-field steering vector mismatch in the near-field case. Subsequently, we analyzed the performance degradation caused by traditional far-field beamforming in the near field for both communication and sensing. We formulate the transceiver NFBF design problem as maximizing the sensing signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) while ensuring the required communication quality-of-service (QoS) and total power constraint. We decompose it into two subproblems and solve them using the generalized Rayleigh entropy theory and the Semi-Definite Relaxation (SDR) technique. Additionally, we prove the attainability of the optimal solution for SDR. Additionally, a low-complexity design scheme is proposed as an alternative to the SDR approach for obtaining transmit beamforming. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed NFBF scheme, demonstrating its capability to manage co-angle interference and enhance both communication and sensing performance.
近场综合传感与通信:性能分析与波束成形设计
本文探讨了采用超大型天线阵列(XL-array)的集成传感与通信(ISAC)系统中潜在的近场波束成形(NFBF)技术。大规模天线阵列增加了基站(BS)近场通信用户和感兴趣目标的可能性。本文首先建立了近场球面波和远场平面波模型。利用这些模型,我们分析了近场波束聚焦能力和远场波束转向能力,找到了近场情况下远场转向矢量不匹配引起的增益-损耗数学表达式。随后,我们分析了传统远场波束成形在近场情况下对通信和传感造成的性能下降。我们将收发器 NFBF 设计问题表述为最大化传感信噪比(SINR),同时确保所需的通信服务质量(QoS)和总功率约束。我们将其分解为两个子问题,并利用广义瑞利熵理论和半有限松弛(SDR)技术加以解决。此外,我们还证明了 SDR 最佳解的可实现性。此外,我们还提出了一种低复杂度设计方案,以替代 SDR 方法来获得发射波束成形。仿真结果验证了所提出的 NFBF 方案的有效性,证明它有能力管理共角干扰并提高通信和传感性能。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
3.80%
发文量
94
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society (OJ-COMS) is an open access, all-electronic journal that publishes original high-quality manuscripts on advances in the state of the art of telecommunications systems and networks. The papers in IEEE OJ-COMS are included in Scopus. Submissions reporting new theoretical findings (including novel methods, concepts, and studies) and practical contributions (including experiments and development of prototypes) are welcome. Additionally, survey and tutorial articles are considered. The IEEE OJCOMS received its debut impact factor of 7.9 according to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2023. The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society covers science, technology, applications and standards for information organization, collection and transfer using electronic, optical and wireless channels and networks. Some specific areas covered include: Systems and network architecture, control and management Protocols, software, and middleware Quality of service, reliability, and security Modulation, detection, coding, and signaling Switching and routing Mobile and portable communications Terminals and other end-user devices Networks for content distribution and distributed computing Communications-based distributed resources control.
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