Global prevalence of Cryptosporidium andersoni in dairy cattle: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107427

Huikai Qin , Yuancai Chen , Yayun Wu , Huiyan Xu , Longxian Zhang

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Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp. are apicomplexan parasites commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and in a wide range of animals. Infection is prevalent in dairy cattle and results in diarrhea and increased mortality with significant production losses. Cryptosporidium andersoni is commonly seen in asymptomatic adult cattle and has been associated with gastritis, reduced milk yield, and poor weight gain. However, a meta-analysis of C. andersoni infection in dairy cattle globally has not yet been published. We searched databases for studies on the global prevalence of C. andersoni infection in dairy cattle published from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022. The prevalence of C. andersoni infection in dairy cattle was estimated using a random effects model. In total, 86 publications from 30 countries were included in the final quantitative analysis. The global prevalence of C. andersoni in dairy cattle was 4.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 4.5–4.9 %, 2,554/54,627). European dairy cattle had the highest rate of C. andersoni infection at 8.8 % (961/10,944). A univariate meta-regression analysis indicated that the age of cattle (P = 0.002) and sample collection year (P = 0.025) might be sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review suggests that globally, dairy cattle exhibit a low level of C. andersoni infection; however, the geographical distribution of infection is extensive. C. andersoni mainly infects the stomach of cattle and causes no obvious clinical symptoms after infection but is thought to be responsible for reduced milk production. Therefore, subclinical Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle is easily overlooked. Cattle with subclinical infections can produce feces containing oocysts that are inadvertently not safely handled, which can then infect healthy dairy cattle and even cause Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle breeders. Therefore, prevention of C. andersoni transmission in asymptomatic cattle is an important issue that should not be neglected.

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奶牛隐孢子虫的全球流行率：系统回顾与荟萃分析。

隐孢子虫属是一种 apicomplexan 寄生虫，通常存在于人类和各种动物的胃肠道中。感染在奶牛中很普遍，会导致腹泻和死亡率上升，造成重大的生产损失。隐孢子虫常见于无症状的成年牛，与胃炎、产奶量下降和增重不良有关。然而，关于全球奶牛隐孢子虫感染的荟萃分析尚未发表。我们在数据库中检索了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 12 月 31 日期间发表的关于全球奶牛中安德森氏菌感染率的研究。我们使用随机效应模型估算了奶牛中安德森氏菌的感染率。最终定量分析共纳入了来自 30 个国家的 86 篇论文。全球奶牛的安德森氏菌感染率为 4.7%（95% 置信区间 [CI]：4.5-4.9%，2,554/54,627）。欧洲奶牛的安德森氏菌感染率最高，为 8.8%（961/10944 头）。单变量元回归分析表明，牛的年龄（P = 0.002）和样本采集年份（P = 0.025）可能是异质性的来源。本系统综述表明，在全球范围内，奶牛的安德森氏菌感染率较低；但是，感染的地理分布很广。C. andersoni 主要感染牛的胃部，感染后不会引起明显的临床症状，但被认为是导致产奶量下降的原因。因此，奶牛亚临床隐孢子虫感染很容易被忽视。亚临床感染的牛会产生含有卵囊的粪便，如果处理不慎，卵囊就会感染健康的奶牛，甚至导致奶牛饲养者感染隐孢子虫。因此，预防无症状牛感染隐孢子虫是一个不容忽视的重要问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta tropica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

11.10%

发文量

383

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Acta Tropica, is an international journal on infectious diseases that covers public health sciences and biomedical research with particular emphasis on topics relevant to human and animal health in the tropics and the subtropics.