The effects of pressure on anticipatory postural adjustments during a jump shot in basketball

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.001

Kiyohiro Konno , Atsushi Itaya , Tomohiro Kizuka , Seiji Ono

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) play an important role in feedforward control of dynamic movements, such as jump shot performance in basketball. It is known that jump shot performance declines under pressure from a defender (shot blocker).

Research question

Does pressure from a shot blocker affect the APAs of a jump shot in basketball? Is jump shot performance in basketball associated with APAs?

Methods

Fourteen healthy male university basketball players performed jump shots under pressure and non-pressure (free) conditions by a shot blocker. Using a force plate, the APAs were defined as occurring until the point of thrust (TH) phase, and ground reaction force (GRF) and center of pressure (COP) at that moment were assessed. To assess jump shot performance, the maximum GRF during the TH phase (TH_max), jumping height, and success score of the shot (accuracy score: AS) were measured by using the vertical component of the force plate. Two-way ANOVA examined the effects of the phase and condition on APA duration. The effects of pressure from a shot blocker on each variable (subjective pressure intensity, AS, GRF, and COP) were analyzed using a pairwise t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Relationships between changes in jump shot performance and GRF or COP variables were assessed via Spearman’s correlation analysis. Differences between the pressure and free conditions were denoted by p/f (pressure/free).

Results

The APA duration was shorter under the pressure condition compared to the free condition. The TH_max and jump height values were greater under the pressure condition relative to the free condition. Across conditions, changes in COP sway velocity of the APA phase were significantly and negatively correlated with AS.

Significance

The results of this study suggest that pressure from a shot blocker shortens APA duration and decreases jump shot performance.

查看原文本刊更多论文

篮球跳投时压力对预期姿势调整的影响。

背景：预期姿势调整（APA）在动态动作的前馈控制中发挥着重要作用，例如篮球运动中的跳投表现。众所周知，在防守者（挡拆者）的压力下，跳投成绩会下降：来自挡拆者的压力是否会影响篮球跳投的 APA？篮球运动中的跳投成绩是否与 APAs 有关？14 名健康的大学男子篮球运动员在挡枪手施加压力和不施加压力（自由）的条件下进行了跳投。使用测力板将 APAs 定义为发生在推力点（TH）阶段，并对该时刻的地面反作用力（GRF）和压力中心（COP）进行评估。为了评估跳投成绩，使用测力板的垂直分量测量了推力点阶段的最大地面反作用力（THmax）、起跳高度和投篮成功率（准确率得分：AS）。双向方差分析检验了阶段和条件对 APA 持续时间的影响。使用配对 t 检验或 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验分析了阻击手的压力对各变量（主观压力强度、AS、GRF 和 COP）的影响。跳投成绩变化与 GRF 或 COP 变量之间的关系通过斯皮尔曼相关分析进行评估。压力条件和自由条件之间的差异用 p/f（压力/自由）表示：结果：与自由状态相比，压力状态下的 APA 持续时间更短。与自由状态相比，压力状态下的 THmax 和跳跃高度值更大。在所有条件下，APA 阶段 COP 摇摆速度的变化与 AS 显著负相关：本研究结果表明，来自挡拆的压力会缩短APA持续时间，降低跳投成绩。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gait & posture 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

616

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Gait & Posture is a vehicle for the publication of up-to-date basic and clinical research on all aspects of locomotion and balance. The topics covered include: Techniques for the measurement of gait and posture, and the standardization of results presentation; Studies of normal and pathological gait; Treatment of gait and postural abnormalities; Biomechanical and theoretical approaches to gait and posture; Mathematical models of joint and muscle mechanics; Neurological and musculoskeletal function in gait and posture; The evolution of upright posture and bipedal locomotion; Adaptations of carrying loads, walking on uneven surfaces, climbing stairs etc; spinal biomechanics only if they are directly related to gait and/or posture and are of general interest to our readers; The effect of aging and development on gait and posture; Psychological and cultural aspects of gait; Patient education.