{"title":"SPOCK: Master regulator of malignant tumors (Review).","authors":"Mingyuan Xiao, Jiancheng Xue, Enli Jin","doi":"10.3892/mmr.2024.13355","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SPARC/osteonectin, CWCV and Kazal‑like domain proteoglycan (SPOCK) is a family of highly conserved multidomain proteins. In total, three such family members, <i>SPOCK1</i>, <i>SPOCK2</i> and <i>SPOCK3</i>, constitute the majority of extracellular matrix glycoproteins. The <i>SPOCK</i> gene family has been demonstrated to serve key roles in tumor regulation by affecting MMPs, which accelerates the progression of cancer epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. In addition, they can regulate the cell cycle via overexpression, inhibit tumor cell proliferation by inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling and have been associated with numerous microRNAs that influence the expression of downstream genes. Therefore, the SPOCK gene family are potential cancer‑regulating genes. The present review summarizes the molecular structure, tissue distribution and biological function of the SPOCK family of proteins, in addition to its association with cancer. Furthermore, the present review documents the progress made in investigations into the role of SPOCK, whilst also discussing prospects for the future of SPOCK‑targeted therapy, to provide novel ideas for clinical application and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18818,"journal":{"name":"Molecular medicine reports","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11487499/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular medicine reports","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13355","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/11 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
SPARC/osteonectin, CWCV and Kazal‑like domain proteoglycan (SPOCK) is a family of highly conserved multidomain proteins. In total, three such family members, SPOCK1, SPOCK2 and SPOCK3, constitute the majority of extracellular matrix glycoproteins. The SPOCK gene family has been demonstrated to serve key roles in tumor regulation by affecting MMPs, which accelerates the progression of cancer epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. In addition, they can regulate the cell cycle via overexpression, inhibit tumor cell proliferation by inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling and have been associated with numerous microRNAs that influence the expression of downstream genes. Therefore, the SPOCK gene family are potential cancer‑regulating genes. The present review summarizes the molecular structure, tissue distribution and biological function of the SPOCK family of proteins, in addition to its association with cancer. Furthermore, the present review documents the progress made in investigations into the role of SPOCK, whilst also discussing prospects for the future of SPOCK‑targeted therapy, to provide novel ideas for clinical application and treatment.
期刊介绍：
Molecular Medicine Reports is a monthly, peer-reviewed journal available in print and online, that includes studies devoted to molecular medicine, underscoring aspects including pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neurosciences, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology and molecular surgery. In vitro and in vivo studies of experimental model systems pertaining to the mechanisms of a variety of diseases offer researchers the necessary tools and knowledge with which to aid the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
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