Locally acquired malaria: a retrospective analysis of long-term surveillance data, European France, 1995 to 2022.

IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Hugues Delamare, Arnaud Tarantola, Marc Thellier, Clémentine Calba, Olivier Gaget, Paul-Henri Consigny, Frederic Simard, Sylvie Manguin, Elise Brottet, Marie-Claire Paty, Sandrine Houze, Henriette De Valk, Harold Noël
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Abstract

BackgroundIn European France, the bulk of malaria cases are travel-related, and only locally acquired cases are notifiable to assess any risk of re-emergence.AimsWe aimed to contribute to assessing the health impact of locally acquired malaria and the potential of malaria re-emergence in European France by documenting modes of transmission of locally acquired malaria, the Plasmodium species involved and their incidence trends.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed surveillance and case investigation data on locally acquired malaria from 1995 to 2022. We classified cases by most likely mode of transmission using a classification derived from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. A descriptive analysis was conducted to identify spatial and temporal patterns of cases.ResultsFrom 1995 to 2022, European France reported 117 locally acquired malaria cases, mostly due to Plasmodium falciparum (88%) and reported in Île-de-France (54%), Paris Region. Cases were classified as Odyssean malaria (n = 51), induced malaria (n = 36), cryptic malaria (n = 27) and introduced malaria (n = 3). Among the 117 patients, 102 (93%) were hospitalised, 24 (22%) had severe malaria and seven (7%) died.ConclusionLocally acquired malaria remains infrequent in European France, with four reported cases per year since 1995. However, with the recent increasing trend in Odyssean malaria and climate change, the risk of re-emergence in non-endemic countries should be monitored, particularly in areas with autochthonous competent vectors. The vital risk of delayed diagnosis should make physicians consider locally acquired malaria in all patients with unexplained fever, especially when thrombocytopenia is present, even without travel history.

局部获得性疟疾:1995 年至 2022 年欧洲法国长期监测数据的回顾性分析。
背景在欧洲的法国,大部分疟疾病例都与旅行有关,只有当地感染的病例才需要通报,以评估疟疾再次爆发的风险。我们采用欧洲疾病预防与控制中心的分类方法,按最可能的传播方式对病例进行了分类。我们进行了描述性分析,以确定病例的空间和时间模式。结果从 1995 年到 2022 年,法国欧洲共报告了 117 例当地感染的疟疾病例,其中大部分是恶性疟原虫(88%)引起的,巴黎大区法兰西岛(54%)报告了这些病例。病例分为奥德赛疟疾(51 例)、诱发疟疾(36 例)、隐性疟疾(27 例)和输入性疟疾(3 例)。在这 117 名患者中,102 人(93%)住院治疗,24 人(22%)罹患重症疟疾,7 人(7%)死亡。然而,随着近来奥德赛疟疾发病率呈上升趋势以及气候变化,在非疟疾流行国家再次发生疟疾的风险应受到关注,尤其是在有本地优势病媒的地区。即使没有旅行史,医生也应考虑所有不明原因发热患者(尤其是出现血小板减少时)的当地感染疟疾,因为延误诊断的风险极大。
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来源期刊
Eurosurveillance
Eurosurveillance INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
CiteScore
32.70
自引率
2.10%
发文量
430
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Eurosurveillance is a European peer-reviewed journal focusing on the epidemiology, surveillance, prevention, and control of communicable diseases relevant to Europe.It is a weekly online journal, with 50 issues per year published on Thursdays. The journal includes short rapid communications, in-depth research articles, surveillance reports, reviews, and perspective papers. It excels in timely publication of authoritative papers on ongoing outbreaks or other public health events. Under special circumstances when current events need to be urgently communicated to readers for rapid public health action, e-alerts can be released outside of the regular publishing schedule. Additionally, topical compilations and special issues may be provided in PDF format.
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