Quantitative Synthesis of Microbe-Driven Acclimation and Adaptation in Wild Vertebrates

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Garazi Martin Bideguren, Orly Razgour, Antton Alberdi
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Abstract

Microorganisms associated with animals harbour a unique set of functional traits pivotal for the normal functioning of their hosts. This realisation has led researchers to hypothesise that animal-associated microbial communities may boost the capacity of their hosts to acclimatise and adapt to environmental changes, two eco-evolutionary processes with significant applied relevance. Aiming to assess the importance of microorganisms for wild vertebrate conservation, we conducted a quantitative systematic review to evaluate the scientific evidence for the contribution of gut microorganisms to the acclimation and adaptation capacity of wild vertebrate hosts. After screening 1974 publications, we scrutinised the 109 studies that met the inclusion criteria based on 10 metrics encompassing study design, methodology and reproducibility. We found that the studies published so far were not able to resolve the contribution of gut microorganisms due to insufficient study design and research methods for addressing the hypothesis. Our findings underscore the limited application to date of microbiome knowledge in vertebrate conservation and management, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift in research approaches. Considering these results, we advocate for a shift from observational studies to experimental manipulations, where fitness or related indicators are measured, coupled with an update in molecular techniques used to analyse microbial functions. In addition, closer collaboration with conservation managers and practitioners from the inception of the project is needed to encourage meaningful application of microbiome knowledge in adaptive wildlife conservation management.

Abstract Image

野生脊椎动物中微生物驱动的驯化和适应的定量综合研究
与动物相关的微生物具有一套独特的功能特性,对其宿主的正常运作至关重要。这一认识促使研究人员假设,动物相关微生物群落可能会提高宿主适应环境变化的能力,这是两个具有重要应用意义的生态进化过程。为了评估微生物对野生脊椎动物保护的重要性,我们进行了一项定量系统综述,以评估肠道微生物对野生脊椎动物宿主的适应能力所做贡献的科学证据。在筛选了 1974 篇出版物后,我们根据包括研究设计、方法和可重复性在内的 10 项指标,对符合纳入标准的 109 项研究进行了仔细审查。我们发现,由于研究设计和研究方法不足以解决假设问题,迄今为止发表的研究无法解决肠道微生物的贡献问题。我们的研究结果表明,迄今为止,微生物组知识在脊椎动物保护和管理中的应用十分有限,这凸显了研究方法范式转变的必要性。考虑到这些结果,我们主张从观察研究转向实验操作,即测量适应性或相关指标,同时更新用于分析微生物功能的分子技术。此外,还需要从项目一开始就与保护管理人员和从业人员进行更密切的合作,以鼓励在适应性野生动物保护管理中对微生物组知识进行有意义的应用。
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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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