{"title":"Polyvinylidene fluoride-based modified membranes for hydrogen generation by direct seawater electrolysis and proton exchange membrane fuel cells","authors":"Sarthak Mishra, Shubham Mishra, Jeet Sharma, Prashant Upadhyay, Vaibhav Kulshrestha","doi":"10.1039/d4ta05272b","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) modified proton exchange membrane (PEM) bearing high sulfonic acid density was designed and investigated for water electrolysis application and H<small><sub>2</sub></small>–O<small><sub>2</sub></small> fuel cell performance. The fabrication method involved ozonation of PVDF, followed by grafting using <em>p</em>-benzoquinone (<em>i.e.</em>, Quino-PVDF) and successive sulfonation of Quino-PVDF to acquire the sulfonated Quino-PVDF copolymer. Moreover, a blending modification employing the Nafion™ ionomer was employed to enhance the performance of sulfonated Quino-PVDF based cation exchange membranes (<em>i.e.</em>, QuinoCEMs). The membrane with 25 wt/wt% Nafion™/sulfonated Quino-PVDF (<em>i.e.</em>, QuinoCEM-0.25) showed good performance in vapor-phase water electrolysis, liquid water electrolysis and direct seawater and achieved maximum current densities of 130, 480 and 240 mA cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> over a cell voltage of 1.8 V at 80 °C respectively. Furthermore, the QuinoCEM-0.25 based membrane electrode assembly achieved a peak power density of 400 mW cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>, comparable to that of Nafion-212™ (<em>i.e.</em>, 412 mW cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Thus, this study highlights the potential of modified PVDF proton exchange membranes as efficient and cost-effective alternatives to commercially available PEMs.","PeriodicalId":82,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ta05272b","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) modified proton exchange membrane (PEM) bearing high sulfonic acid density was designed and investigated for water electrolysis application and H2–O2 fuel cell performance. The fabrication method involved ozonation of PVDF, followed by grafting using p-benzoquinone (i.e., Quino-PVDF) and successive sulfonation of Quino-PVDF to acquire the sulfonated Quino-PVDF copolymer. Moreover, a blending modification employing the Nafion™ ionomer was employed to enhance the performance of sulfonated Quino-PVDF based cation exchange membranes (i.e., QuinoCEMs). The membrane with 25 wt/wt% Nafion™/sulfonated Quino-PVDF (i.e., QuinoCEM-0.25) showed good performance in vapor-phase water electrolysis, liquid water electrolysis and direct seawater and achieved maximum current densities of 130, 480 and 240 mA cm−2 over a cell voltage of 1.8 V at 80 °C respectively. Furthermore, the QuinoCEM-0.25 based membrane electrode assembly achieved a peak power density of 400 mW cm−2, comparable to that of Nafion-212™ (i.e., 412 mW cm−2) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Thus, this study highlights the potential of modified PVDF proton exchange membranes as efficient and cost-effective alternatives to commercially available PEMs.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C covers a wide range of high-quality studies in the field of materials chemistry, with each section focusing on specific applications of the materials studied. Journal of Materials Chemistry A emphasizes applications in energy and sustainability, including topics such as artificial photosynthesis, batteries, and fuel cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry B focuses on applications in biology and medicine, while Journal of Materials Chemistry C covers applications in optical, magnetic, and electronic devices. Example topic areas within the scope of Journal of Materials Chemistry A include catalysis, green/sustainable materials, sensors, and water treatment, among others.