Genome folding and zygotic genome activation in mammalian preimplantation embryos

IF 3.7 2区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The totipotent one-cell embryo, or zygote, gives rise to all germ layers and extraembryonic tissues that culminate in the development of a new organism. A zygote is produced at fertilisation by the fusion of differentiated germ cells, egg and sperm. The chromatin of parental genomes is reprogrammed and spatially reorganised in the early embryo. The 3D chromatin organisation is established de novo after fertilisation by a cohesin-dependent mechanism of loop extrusion that forms chromatin loops and topologically associating domains (TADs). Strengthening of TAD insulation is concomitant with the transcriptional ‘awakening’ of the embryo known as zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Whether and how these processes are causally linked remains poorly understood. In this review, we discuss recent findings of 3D chromatin organisation in mammalian gametes and embryos and how these are potentially related to ZGA.
哺乳动物植入前胚胎的基因组折叠和子代基因组激活。
具有全能性的单细胞胚胎(或称合子)产生所有胚层和胚外组织,最终发育成一个新的生物体。受精时,已分化的生殖细胞、卵子和精子融合产生一个合子。亲代基因组的染色质在早期胚胎中被重新编程和空间重组。受精后,三维染色质组织通过依赖于粘合素的环挤压机制从新建立,形成染色质环和拓扑关联域(TAD)。TAD 绝缘的加强与胚胎的转录 "觉醒"(即子代基因组激活(ZGA))同时发生。人们对这些过程之间是否存在因果关系以及它们之间如何存在因果关系仍然知之甚少。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论哺乳动物配子和胚胎中三维染色质组织的最新发现,以及这些发现与 ZGA 的潜在关系。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
102
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development aims to stimulate scientifically grounded, interdisciplinary, multi-scale debate and exchange of ideas. It contains polished, concise and timely reviews and opinions, with particular emphasis on those articles published in the past two years. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion of the topics discussed. In Current Opinion in Genetics and Development we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner: 1. The views of experts on current advances in their field in a clear and readable form. 2. Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications.[...] The subject of Genetics and Development is divided into six themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: • Cancer Genomics • Genome Architecture and Expression • Molecular and genetic basis of disease • Developmental mechanisms, patterning and evolution • Cell reprogramming, regeneration and repair • Genetics of Human Origin / Evolutionary genetics (alternate years)
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