A Case of Neonate Hypoglycemia.

Abstract

Background: There has been no unified definition for neonatal hypoglycemia. Generally, neonatal hypoglycemia is diagnosed when the whole blood glucose concentration is below 2.2 mmol/L. The reasons are numerous. This case report presents an instance of a newborn with extremely low blood glucose levels immediately after birth from a diabetic mother, referred to as the "Infants of Diabetic Mothers", providing a practical case reference for early monitoring and timely intervention for Infants of Diabetic Mothers (IDMs).

Methods: The glucose concentrations in whole blood and serum were measured using a fingerstick glucometer and a fully automatic biochemical analyzer, respectively. The levels of insulin and C-peptide were detected using a fully automatic chemiluminescence method. The glycated hemoglobin was measured using a glycated hemoglobin analyzer.

Results: The mother's blood glucose value before delivery was 8.28 mmol/L. After delivery, the fingerstick blood glucose and serum glucose concentrations of the newborn were 2.6 mmol/L and 0.11 mmol/L, respectively. The levels of insulin and C-peptide were 805.55 pmol/L and 2,312.64 pmol/L, respectively. The value of glycated hemoglobin was 7.5%. Intravenous nutrition with a 100 mL of 10% glucose at an infusion rate of 12.7 mL/d was maintained. Then, 10% glucose was given to the neonate at an infusion rate of 7.7 mL/minute for 30 minutes. Eventually, the blood glucose levels were raised to 5.2 mmol/L.

Conclusions: Diabetes has a profound impact on both the mother and the newborn. Close monitoring and timely intervention are necessary to reduce neonatal complications and promote longterm healthy growth and development.