The Socio-Ecological Factors Associated with Mental Health Problems and Resilience in Refugees: A Systematic Scoping Review

IF 5.4 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Trauma Violence & Abuse Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.1177/15248380241284594

Tengku Nila Fadhlia, Bertjan Doosje, Disa A. Sauter

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Abstract

Despite the immense challenges to mental health faced by refugees, research consistently finds that many nevertheless demonstrate remarkable resilience. However, a systematic account of the scientific literature on resilience among refugees is currently lacking. This paper aims to fill that gap by comprehensively reviewing research on protective and risk factors affecting refugees’ resilience and mental health problems across four socio-ecological levels: individual, family, community, and society. We conducted a systematic search in the databases PsycINFO, Web of Science, and SocINDEX, as well as contacted topic experts to seek out unpublished manuscripts. This yielded 223 studies (171 quantitative, 52 qualitative), which were subjected to systematic content coding. We found consistent evidence for substantive risk factors, including traumatic experiences and gender at the individual level and postmigration stress and unemployment at the societal level. We found social support to be a clear protective factor at the family and community levels. We discuss these findings in the context of policy and intervention programs and make recommendations at different socio-ecological levels for supporting refugees’ resilience.

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与难民心理健康问题和复原力相关的社会生态因素：系统性范围界定审查

尽管难民的心理健康面临巨大挑战，但研究始终发现，许多难民仍表现出非凡的复原力。然而，目前还缺乏关于难民复原力的系统科学文献。本文旨在从个人、家庭、社区和社会四个社会生态层面，全面回顾影响难民复原力和心理健康问题的保护性因素和风险因素的研究，从而填补这一空白。我们在PsycINFO、Web of Science和SocINDEX等数据库中进行了系统检索，并联系了专题专家，以寻找未发表的手稿。结果发现了 223 篇研究（171 篇定量研究，52 篇定性研究），并对这些研究进行了系统的内容编码。我们发现有一致的证据表明存在实质性风险因素，包括个人层面的创伤经历和性别，以及社会层面的移民后压力和失业。我们发现，在家庭和社区层面，社会支持是一个明显的保护因素。我们结合政策和干预计划讨论了这些发现，并在不同的社会生态层面提出了支持难民复原力的建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Trauma Violence & Abuse Multiple-

CiteScore

13.60

自引率

7.80%

发文量

131

期刊介绍： Trauma, Violence, & Abuse is devoted to organizing, synthesizing, and expanding knowledge on all force of trauma, abuse, and violence. This peer-reviewed journal is practitioner oriented and will publish only reviews of research, conceptual or theoretical articles, and law review articles. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse is dedicated to professionals and advanced students in clinical training who work with any form of trauma, abuse, and violence. It is intended to compile knowledge that clearly affects practice, policy, and research.