The effect of apparent Police power at demonstrations against right-wing populism on Protestors' resistance using a virtual reality experiment.

IF 3.2 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

British Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1111/bjso.12809

Julia C Becker, Lea Hartwich, Helena R M Radke

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Abstract

Based on the Elaborated Social Identity Model of Crowd Behaviour, we tested in two experiments whether a forceful display of police power increases perceptions of illegitimacy of the police and the formation of resistance among protestors. In the high power condition, the police were dressed in riot gear (with helmets, armed with shields and batons). In the low power condition, the police were dressed in regular uniforms. In both studies, people participated in a demonstration against right-wing populism using a virtual reality setting and were either stopped by the police in riot gear or by the police in regular uniforms. The results of Study 1 (N = 155) show that the police in riot gear were evaluated as more illegitimate compared to the police in normal clothing. The results of Study 2 (N = 97) replicated this finding and illustrated that police in riot gear (compared to regular uniforms) increased protestors' intentions to engage in direct resistance against the police. This effect was mediated by perceptions of illegitimacy and anger directed at the police. Furthermore, weakly identified protestors were particularly affected by the display of power and were more likely to engage in anti-police resistance and collective action. Implications are discussed.

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利用虚拟现实实验，研究在反对右翼民粹主义的示威活动中，明显的警力对抗议者反抗行为的影响。

基于人群行为的社会认同模型，我们在两个实验中测试了警察的强势表现是否会增加抗议者对警察非法性的认知并形成抵抗。在高威力条件下，警察身着防暴装备（头戴钢盔、手持盾牌和警棍）。在低强度条件下，警察身着普通制服。在这两项研究中，人们利用虚拟现实环境参加了一场反对右翼民粹主义的示威游行，并被身着防暴装备的警察或身着普通制服的警察拦截。研究 1（N = 155）的结果显示，与身着普通服装的警察相比，身着防暴装备的警察被认为更不合法。研究 2（N = 97）的结果重复了这一发现，并说明与普通制服相比，穿防暴装备的警察增加了抗议者直接反抗警察的意图。这种影响是由对警察非法性的看法和愤怒所促成的。此外，身份不明确的抗议者尤其受到权力展示的影响，更有可能参与反警察抵抗和集体行动。本文对其影响进行了讨论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

British Journal of Social Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

7.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The British Journal of Social Psychology publishes work from scholars based in all parts of the world, and manuscripts that present data on a wide range of populations inside and outside the UK. It publishes original papers in all areas of social psychology including: • social cognition • attitudes • group processes • social influence • intergroup relations • self and identity • nonverbal communication • social psychological aspects of personality, affect and emotion • language and discourse Submissions addressing these topics from a variety of approaches and methods, both quantitative and qualitative are welcomed. We publish papers of the following kinds: • empirical papers that address theoretical issues; • theoretical papers, including analyses of existing social psychological theories and presentations of theoretical innovations, extensions, or integrations; • review papers that provide an evaluation of work within a given area of social psychology and that present proposals for further research in that area; • methodological papers concerning issues that are particularly relevant to a wide range of social psychologists; • an invited agenda article as the first article in the first part of every volume. The editorial team aims to handle papers as efficiently as possible. In 2016, papers were triaged within less than a week, and the average turnaround time from receipt of the manuscript to first decision sent back to the authors was 47 days.