The effectiveness of cryotherapy and cooled topical anesthesia compared with conventional topical anesthesia in alleviating intraoral injection pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Injection pain remains a significant concern in dental procedures, often leading to patient anxiety and reluctance to seek necessary care.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of cryotherapy in reducing injection pain compared with topical anesthesia during intraoral local anesthesia.
Design: MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane's CENTRAL databases were searched up to November 2023. Inclusion criteria involved randomized clinical trials aligned with the PICO question. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the ROB-2 tool were performed. The results were synthesized through a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis. The primary outcomes assessed were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Sound Eye Motor (SEM). Subgroup analysis was conducted for children and adults.
Results: In the meta-analysis, 31 RCTs involving 2470 subjects were included. Twenty-seven studies demonstrated cryotherapy's significant superiority over topical anesthesia in reducing injection pain via VAS in adults (p = .01), children (p = .01), and combined age groups (p < .001). Additionally, cryotherapy significantly outperformed topical anesthesia in reducing pain via SEM in children (p = .04) and combined age groups (p = .03) across 13 studies, with no significant difference in adults (p = .51). Furthermore, cooled topical anesthesia also outperformed room temperature topical anesthesia (p < .001). The certainty of the results, however, is of very low quality.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that cryotherapy significantly reduces injection pain compared with topical anesthesia, especially in children and combined age groups, but is less effective in adults. Additionally, cooled topical anesthesia is more effective than room temperature topical anesthesia. Thus, cryotherapy is a and potentially superior alternative to topical anesthesia, particularly for children.
期刊介绍：
The International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry was formed in 1991 by the merger of the Journals of the International Association of Paediatric Dentistry and the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry and is published bi-monthly. It has true international scope and aims to promote the highest standard of education, practice and research in paediatric dentistry world-wide.
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry publishes papers on all aspects of paediatric dentistry including: growth and development, behaviour management, diagnosis, prevention, restorative treatment and issue relating to medically compromised children or those with disabilities. This peer-reviewed journal features scientific articles, reviews, case reports, clinical techniques, short communications and abstracts of current paediatric dental research. Analytical studies with a scientific novelty value are preferred to descriptive studies. Case reports illustrating unusual conditions and clinically relevant observations are acceptable but must be of sufficiently high quality to be considered for publication; particularly the illustrative material must be of the highest quality.
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