Beyond exhaustion: the unique characteristics of CD8+ T cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection

IF 67.7 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1038/s41577-024-01097-3

Robert Thimme, Antonio Bertoletti, Matteo Iannacone

引用次数: 0

Abstract

CD8+ T cells are crucial in controlling infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) but are functionally impaired during chronic HBV infection. Traditionally, these functional deficits have been associated with classical T cell exhaustion due to persistent antigenic stimulation. However, recent findings challenge this concept, emphasizing the multifactorial nature of T cell dysfunction in HBV infection. CD8+ T cells are functionally impaired during chronic HBV infection. Recent findings from preclinical models and studies of chronically infected humans have revealed surprising insights into the nature of the T cell dysfunction, which may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

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超越衰竭：慢性 HBV 感染中 CD8+ T 细胞功能障碍的独特特征

CD8+ T 细胞是控制乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的关键，但在慢性 HBV 感染期间会出现功能障碍。传统上，这些功能障碍与持续抗原刺激导致的典型 T 细胞衰竭有关。然而，最近的研究结果挑战了这一概念，强调了在 HBV 感染中 T 细胞功能障碍的多因素性质。CD8+ T 细胞在慢性 HBV 感染期间功能受损。临床前模型和慢性感染人类研究的最新发现揭示了 T 细胞功能障碍的本质，这可能为治疗干预开辟了新的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nature Reviews Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

93.40

自引率

0.40%

发文量

131

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Nature Reviews Immunology is a journal that provides comprehensive coverage of all areas of immunology, including fundamental mechanisms and applied aspects. It has two international standard serial numbers (ISSN): 1474-1733 for print and 1474-1741 for online. In addition to review articles, the journal also features recent developments and new primary papers in the field, as well as reflections on influential people, papers, and events in the development of immunology. The subjects covered by Nature Reviews Immunology include allergy and asthma, autoimmunity, antigen processing and presentation, apoptosis and cell death, chemokines and chemokine receptors, cytokines and cytokine receptors, development and function of cells of the immune system, haematopoiesis, infection and immunity, immunotherapy, innate immunity, mucosal immunology and the microbiota, regulation of the immune response, signalling in the immune system, transplantation, tumour immunology and immunotherapy, and vaccine development.