Potentially zoonotic pathogens and parasites in opportunistically sourced urban brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in and around Helsinki, Finland, 2018 to 2023.

IF 9.9 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Tuomas Aivelo, Hussein Alburkat, Nina Suomalainen, Rebekka Kukowski, Petra Heikkinen, Antti Oksanen, Otso Huitu, Rauni Kivistö, Tarja Sironen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

BackgroundBrown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are synanthropic rodents with worldwide distribution, which are known to harbour many zoonotic pathogens and parasites. No systematic zoonotic surveys targeting multiple pathogens and parasites have previously been conducted in urban rats in Finland.AimIn Helsinki, Finland, we explored the presence and prevalence in brown rats of certain pathogens and parasites (including helminths, viruses and bacteria) across potentially zoonotic taxa.MethodsWe opportunistically received rat carcasses from pest management operators and citizens from 2018 to 2023. We searched for heart- or lungworms, performed rat diaphragm digestion to check for Trichinella and morphologically identified intestinal helminths. We assessed virus exposure by immunofluorescence assay or PCR, and detected bacteria by PCR (Leptospira) or culture (Campylobacter).ResultsAmong the rats investigated for helminths, no heart- or lungworms or Trichinella species were detected and the most common finding was the cestode Hymenolepis nana (in 9.7% of individuals sampled, 28/288). For some of the surveyed virus taxa, several rats were seropositive (orthopoxviruses, 5.2%, 11/211; arenaviruses, 2.8%, 6/211; hantaviruses 5.2%, 11/211) or tested positive by PCR (rat hepatitis E virus, 1.8%, 4/216). Campylobacter jejuni (6.6%, 17/259) and Leptospira interrogans (1.2%, 2/163) bacteria were also present in the rat population examined.ConclusionsPrevalences of potentially zoonotic pathogens and parasites in brown rats in Helsinki appeared low. This may explain low or non-existent diagnosis levels of rat-borne pathogen and parasite infections reported in people there. Nevertheless, further assessment of under-diagnosis, which cannot be excluded, would enhance understanding the risks of zoonoses.

2018年至2023年芬兰赫尔辛基及其周边地区机会性来源的城市褐鼠(Rattus norvegicus)中可能存在的人畜共患病病原体和寄生虫。
背景褐鼠(Rattus norvegicus)是一种分布于世界各地的同类啮齿类动物,已知其携带多种人畜共患病病原体和寄生虫。在芬兰赫尔辛基,我们探讨了褐鼠体内某些病原体和寄生虫(包括蠕虫、病毒和细菌)在潜在人畜共患病类群中的存在和流行情况。我们搜索了心丝虫或肺丝虫,进行了大鼠膈消化以检查旋毛虫,并对肠道蠕虫进行了形态鉴定。我们通过免疫荧光检测或 PCR 评估了病毒暴露情况,并通过 PCR(钩端螺旋体)或培养(弯曲杆菌)检测了细菌。结果在调查过蠕虫的大鼠中,没有发现心丝虫、肺丝虫或旋毛虫,最常见的是线虫 Hymenolepis nana(占采样个体的 9.7%,28/288)。在调查的一些病毒分类群中,有几只大鼠的血清反应呈阳性(正痘病毒,5.2%,11/211;禽流感病毒,2.8%,6/211;汉坦病毒,5.2%,11/211),或通过 PCR 检测呈阳性(大鼠戊型肝炎病毒,1.8%,4/216)。空肠弯曲菌(6.6%,17/259)和钩端螺旋体(1.2%,2/163)也出现在受检大鼠群体中。这也许可以解释为什么当地人感染鼠传病原体和寄生虫的诊断率很低或根本不存在。尽管如此,进一步评估诊断不足的情况(这一点不能排除)将有助于更好地了解人畜共患病的风险。
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来源期刊
Eurosurveillance
Eurosurveillance INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
CiteScore
32.70
自引率
2.10%
发文量
430
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Eurosurveillance is a European peer-reviewed journal focusing on the epidemiology, surveillance, prevention, and control of communicable diseases relevant to Europe.It is a weekly online journal, with 50 issues per year published on Thursdays. The journal includes short rapid communications, in-depth research articles, surveillance reports, reviews, and perspective papers. It excels in timely publication of authoritative papers on ongoing outbreaks or other public health events. Under special circumstances when current events need to be urgently communicated to readers for rapid public health action, e-alerts can be released outside of the regular publishing schedule. Additionally, topical compilations and special issues may be provided in PDF format.
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