Tumor hypoxia unveiled: insights into microenvironment, detection tools and emerging therapies.

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Joanna Ciepła, Ryszard Smolarczyk
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hypoxia is one of the defining characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid cancers. It has a major impact on the growth and spread of malignant cells as well as their resistance to common treatments like radiation and chemotherapy. Here, we explore the complex functions of hypoxia in the TME and investigate its effects on angiogenesis, immunological evasion, and cancer cell metabolism. For prognostic and therapeutic reasons, hypoxia identification is critical, and recent developments in imaging and molecular methods have enhanced our capacity to precisely locate underoxygenated areas inside tumors. Furthermore, targeted therapies that take advantage of hypoxia provide a potential new direction in the treatment of cancer. Therapeutic approaches that specifically target hypoxic conditions in tumors without causing adverse effects are being led by hypoxia-targeted nanocarriers and hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs). This review provides an extensive overview of this dynamic and clinically significant area of oncology research by synthesizing current knowledge about the mechanisms of hypoxia in cancer, highlighting state-of-the-art detection methodologies, and assessing the potential and efficacy of hypoxia-targeted therapies.

揭秘肿瘤缺氧:对微环境、检测工具和新兴疗法的见解。
缺氧是实体瘤中肿瘤微环境(TME)的决定性特征之一。它对恶性细胞的生长和扩散以及它们对放疗和化疗等常见疗法的耐受性有重大影响。在此,我们探讨了低氧在肿瘤微环境中的复杂功能,并研究了它对血管生成、免疫逃避和癌细胞代谢的影响。出于预后和治疗的原因,缺氧识别至关重要,而成像和分子方法的最新发展增强了我们精确定位肿瘤内缺氧区域的能力。此外,利用缺氧的靶向疗法为癌症治疗提供了一个潜在的新方向。缺氧靶向纳米载体和缺氧激活原药(HAPs)是专门针对肿瘤缺氧条件而又不会造成不良影响的治疗方法。本综述通过综合当前有关癌症缺氧机制的知识、重点介绍最先进的检测方法以及评估缺氧靶向疗法的潜力和疗效,对这一充满活力且具有重要临床意义的肿瘤学研究领域进行了广泛概述。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Clinical and Experimental Medicine 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
159
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM) is a multidisciplinary journal that aims to be a forum of scientific excellence and information exchange in relation to the basic and clinical features of the following fields: hematology, onco-hematology, oncology, virology, immunology, and rheumatology. The journal publishes reviews and editorials, experimental and preclinical studies, translational research, prospectively designed clinical trials, and epidemiological studies. Papers containing new clinical or experimental data that are likely to contribute to changes in clinical practice or the way in which a disease is thought about will be given priority due to their immediate importance. Case reports will be accepted on an exceptional basis only, and their submission is discouraged. The major criteria for publication are clarity, scientific soundness, and advances in knowledge. In compliance with the overwhelmingly prevailing request by the international scientific community, and with respect for eco-compatibility issues, CEM is now published exclusively online.
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