Remote sensing of cover crop legacies on main crop N-uptake dynamics

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Nikolaos-Christos Vavlas, Thijs Seubring, Ali Elhakeem, Lammert Kooistra, Gerlinde B. De Deyn
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Abstract

Growing cover crops promotes soil health as they retain nutrients during autumn/winter and provide organic matter to the soil biota, which in turn supplies nutrients to the main crop upon mineralisation in spring. Different cover crops have varying impacts on soil biology and nutrient dynamics due to the quantity and quality of plant material returned to the soil. To understand these effects, high-resolution data on crop responses is required. In this study, remote sensing was used to provide such data. The temporal dynamics of soil nitrogen (N) availability and N uptake in barley were studied in response to different cover crop monocultures and mixtures. This was achieved using high-resolution multispectral images of the main crop acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle. Alongside this, in-situ collected plant and soil parameters were used in this 5-year cover crop field experiment. The results showed that cover crop legacies significantly affected barley N uptake, biomass, and canopy N content. In early June, at peak canopy N, the highest values were observed in barley grown after vetch-radish or oat-radish mixtures (84 kg N/ha) and the lowest in barley grown after fallow (63 kg N) or oat (53 kg N/ha on 23rd of June). At the start of the barley growing season, soil microbial biomass was not significantly affected by the cover crop legacies. However, differential N mineralisation between cover crop legacies can be attributed to differences in microbial activity associated with cover crop quantity and quality. This research demonstrates the potential of remote sensing to monitor and understand temporal and spatial variation of crop canopy N in response to cover crop N mineralisation by the soil biota which is an important component of soil health. This approach can contribute to more efficient N use by enabling fine-tuning of the type, quantity, timing, and location of fertilisation.

Abstract Image

覆盖作物遗留物对主要作物氮吸收动态的遥感影响
种植覆盖作物可促进土壤健康,因为覆盖作物可在秋冬季保留养分,并为土壤生物区系提供有机物质,进而在春季矿化后为主要作物提供养分。由于返回土壤的植物材料的数量和质量不同,不同的覆盖作物对土壤生物和养分动态的影响也不同。要了解这些影响,需要有关作物反应的高分辨率数据。本研究利用遥感技术提供此类数据。研究了大麦对不同单作和混作覆盖作物的土壤氮(N)可用性和氮吸收的时间动态。这是利用无人飞行器获取的主要作物的高分辨率多光谱图像实现的。与此同时,在这项为期 5 年的覆盖作物田间试验中还使用了现场采集的植物和土壤参数。结果表明,覆盖作物遗留物对大麦的氮吸收、生物量和冠层氮含量有显著影响。6 月初,在冠层氮含量高峰期,大麦在种植了薇菜-莴苣或燕麦-莴苣混合物(84 千克氮/公顷)后,冠层氮含量达到最高值,而在种植了休耕(63 千克氮)或燕麦(6 月 23 日为 53 千克氮/公顷)后,冠层氮含量最低。在大麦生长季节开始时,土壤微生物生物量并未受到覆盖作物遗留物的显著影响。然而,不同覆盖作物遗留物之间的氮矿化差异可归因于与覆盖作物数量和质量相关的微生物活动差异。这项研究证明了遥感技术在监测和了解作物冠层氮的时间和空间变化以及土壤生物群对覆盖作物氮矿化的响应方面的潜力,而土壤生物群是土壤健康的重要组成部分。这种方法可以对施肥的类型、数量、时间和地点进行微调,从而提高氮的利用效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Soil Science
European Journal of Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
117
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: The EJSS is an international journal that publishes outstanding papers in soil science that advance the theoretical and mechanistic understanding of physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions in soils acting from molecular to continental scales in natural and managed environments.
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