Estimation and Correlation of Alkaline Phosphatase Enzymatic Activity in Saliva with and without Early Childhood Caries in South Indian Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
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Abstract
Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major common problem seen in children and is the most prevalent chronic disease that leads to discomfort, pain, and poor quality of life, affecting the health of children. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a nonspecific phosphomonoesterase that functions through a phosphoery 1 intermediate to produce free inorganic phosphate. It has different isoenzymes produced by different cell types such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, osteoblasts, macrophages, and fibroblasts within alveolar bone and/or salivary glands. Various studies show that higher ALP activity is related to periodontal disease and dental caries.
Aim: This study aims to estimate and correlate salivary Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme activity in the saliva of children with and without ECC.
Materials and methods: A total of 50 children were included in the study, divided into two groups-caries-active and caries-free, each consisting of 25 participants. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and subjected to a spectrophotometer for analysis. ALP enzyme activity levels were estimated and correlated between caries-active and caries-free children.
Results: The correlation between caries score and ALP activity was statistically significant, with a moderate correlation. The comparison of mean ALP activity between caries-active and caries-free groups was statistically significant. However, the comparison of ALP based on different age-groups and gender was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant correlation between caries scores and the caries-active group.
Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a substantial correlation between ALP enzyme levels and the severity of dental caries. An increase in ALP enzyme level is linked to a considerable rise in caries severity. Therefore, prevention may be possible with early detection.
How to cite this article: Thimmegowda U, Kuri PN. Estimation and Correlation of Alkaline Phosphatase Enzymatic Activity in Saliva with and without Early Childhood Caries in South Indian Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(5):528-531.
简介儿童早期龋齿（ECC）是儿童常见的主要问题，也是最普遍的慢性疾病，会导致儿童不适、疼痛和生活质量低下，影响儿童健康。碱性磷酸酶（ALP）是一种非特异性磷单酯酶，通过磷脂 1 中间体产生游离无机磷酸盐。它有不同的同工酶，由不同类型的细胞产生，如牙槽骨和/或唾液腺中的多形核白细胞、成骨细胞、巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞。多项研究表明，较高的 ALP 活性与牙周病和龋齿有关。目的：本研究旨在估算和关联患有和未患有 ECC 的儿童唾液中的碱性磷酸酶酶活性：研究共纳入 50 名儿童，分为两组--龋齿活动组和无龋齿组，每组 25 人。收集未经刺激的唾液样本，用分光光度计进行分析。对龋病活跃儿童和无龋儿童的 ALP 酶活性水平进行估算和相关性分析：结果：龋齿评分与 ALP 活性之间的相关性具有统计学意义，属于中等相关性。龋病活动组和无龋组间平均 ALP 活性的比较具有统计学意义。然而，不同年龄组和性别的 ALP 比较无统计学意义。龋齿评分与龋齿活跃组之间有统计学意义的相关性：总之，ALP 酶水平与龋齿的严重程度有很大的相关性。ALP 酶水平的升高与龋齿严重程度的显著增加有关。因此，及早发现就有可能预防龋齿：Thimmegowda U, Kuri PN.南印度儿童唾液中碱性磷酸酶酶活性的估计与相关性：随机临床试验。Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(5):528-531.
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