Impact of psilocybin on cognitive function: A systematic review.

IF 5 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1111/pcn.13741
Shakila Meshkat, Triana Juliana Tello-Gerez, Fatemeh Gholaminezhad, Benjamin T Dunkley, Amy C Reichelt, David Erritzoe, Eric Vermetten, Yanbo Zhang, Andrew Greenshaw, Lisa Burback, Olga Winkler, Rakesh Jetly, Leah M Mayo, Venkat Bhat
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic with demonstrated preliminary clinical efficacy in a range of psychiatric disorders. Evaluating the impact of psilocybin on cognitive function is essential to unravel its potential benefits and risks. In this systematic review, we assessed psilocybin's effect on cognitive function through a comprehensive search of electronic databases from inception to January 2024, identifying 20 articles involving 2,959 participants. While 85% of studies were conducted in healthy volunteers, most of these studies (85%) used macrodoses, ranging from 45 μg/kg to 30 mg/70 kg. Various cognitive aspects were evaluated and yielded mixed results. Global cognitive function, and processing speed remained mostly unchanged in healthy individuals; However, a limited number of studies reported improvements in certain areas such as sustained attention, working memory, and executive function especially in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Emotional processing was positively modified, particularly in TRD patients. Psilocybin was observed to enhance emotional empathy without significantly altering cognitive empathy and social cognition. Cognitive flexibility and creative cognition were noted to initially decline but could potentially improve over time. Additionally, with respect to learning and memory skills, psilocybin showed promise in improving specific memory types such as semantic associations and associative learning, while its effects on episodic and verbal memory have been less pronounced compared to other cognitive enhancers. The observed mixed findings underscore the complexity of psilocybin's cognitive influence. Further research is essential to provide a clearer understanding of psilocybin's impact on cognitive domains and to guide the development of safe and effective interventions.

迷幻药对认知功能的影响:系统综述。
迷幻药是一种经典的迷幻剂,对一系列精神疾病具有初步临床疗效。评估迷幻药对认知功能的影响对于揭示其潜在的益处和风险至关重要。在这篇系统性综述中,我们通过对电子数据库从开始到 2024 年 1 月的全面检索,评估了迷幻药对认知功能的影响,共识别出 20 篇文章,涉及 2,959 名参与者。85%的研究是在健康志愿者中进行的,其中大部分研究(85%)使用了大剂量,从 45 微克/千克到 30 毫克/70 千克不等。研究对认知的各个方面进行了评估,结果好坏参半。健康人的整体认知功能和处理速度大多保持不变;然而,少数研究报告称,某些方面,如持续注意力、工作记忆和执行功能有所改善,尤其是对治疗耐受性抑郁症(TRD)患者而言。情绪处理也得到了积极的改善,尤其是在 TRD 患者中。据观察,迷幻药能增强情感共鸣,而不会明显改变认知共鸣和社会认知。认知灵活性和创造性认知最初有所下降,但随着时间的推移有可能得到改善。此外,在学习和记忆技能方面,迷幻药有望改善特定类型的记忆,如语义联想和联想学习,而与其他认知增强剂相比,迷幻药对表象记忆和言语记忆的影响并不明显。观察到的混合研究结果凸显了迷幻药对认知影响的复杂性。进一步的研究对于更清楚地了解迷幻药对认知领域的影响以及指导开发安全有效的干预措施至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
4.20%
发文量
181
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: PCN (Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences) Publication Frequency: Published 12 online issues a year by JSPN Content Categories: Review Articles Regular Articles Letters to the Editor Peer Review Process: All manuscripts undergo peer review by anonymous reviewers, an Editorial Board Member, and the Editor Publication Criteria: Manuscripts are accepted based on quality, originality, and significance to the readership Authors must confirm that the manuscript has not been published or submitted elsewhere and has been approved by each author
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