A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Group Positive Psychotherapy and Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Flourishing, Happiness and Satisfaction with Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Happiness Studies Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1007/s10902-024-00806-y

Linda Maria Furchtlehner, Elena Fischer, Raphael Schuster, Anton-Rupert Laireiter

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Abstract

The present study examines the efficacy of Positive Psychotherapy (PPT) on psychological well-being, happiness, and satisfaction with life. We investigated people suffering from different kinds of depressive disorders, comparing it to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). PPT is an empirically validated intervention targeting positive resources and personal strengths. It aims at amplifying well-being while also ameliorating the impact of symptoms. In a controlled two-center-study, we randomly assigned 92 out-patient participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of major depressive disorder and/or Dysthymia to 14 sessions of manualized PPT or CBT group therapy. We assessed outcomes related to well-being using the Flourishing Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (PPTI). The PPTI represents the five components of Seligman’s PERMA-model of flourishing, encompassing positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. We took measurements before and after the intervention, and at a 6-months follow-up. Moreover, we considered a list of moderators that may impact the efficacy of PPT. PPT resulted in significant improvements in all measures, and these improvements remained stable for up to 6 months. Using 2 × 2 mixed-effects models (T1 vs. T2), we found significant interactions for all three main scales and two out of the five PPTI subscales. These interactions depicted significantly better outcomes for PPT at post-treatment. Regarding the follow-up (T1 vs. T3), we did not find significant interactions, and thus, there were no differences between the two therapies. No demographics or characteristics of the treatments were significant moderators. Summarized, these findings provide support for the effectiveness of PPT in increasing happiness, well-being, and quality of life. We can confirm that PPT is an additional tool for the enhancement of positive mental health.

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小组积极心理疗法与小组认知行为疗法对幸福、快乐和生活满意度的疗效比较研究：随机对照试验

本研究探讨了积极心理疗法（PPT）对心理健康、幸福感和生活满意度的影响。我们对患有不同类型抑郁症的人进行了调查，并将其与认知行为疗法（CBT）进行了比较。PPT 是一种经过实证验证的干预方法，以积极资源和个人力量为目标。其目的是在改善症状影响的同时提高幸福感。在一项双中心对照研究中，我们将 92 名被 DSM-IV 诊断为重度抑郁障碍和/或癔症的门诊参与者随机分配到 14 个疗程的 PPT 或 CBT 团体治疗中。我们使用 "幸福感量表"、"生活满意度量表 "和 "积极心理治疗量表"（PPTI）评估了与幸福感相关的结果。PPTI 代表了塞利格曼的 PERMA 蓬勃发展模型的五个组成部分，包括积极情绪、参与、积极关系、意义和成就感。我们在干预前后和 6 个月的随访中进行了测量。此外，我们还考虑了一系列可能影响 PPT 效果的调节因素。PPT 使所有测量指标都有了明显改善，而且这些改善在长达 6 个月的时间里保持稳定。使用 2 × 2 混合效应模型（T1 vs. T2），我们发现所有三个主要量表和 PPTI 五个分量表中的两个都存在显著的交互作用。这些交互作用表明，PPT 在治疗后的效果明显更好。至于后续治疗（T1 vs. T3），我们没有发现明显的交互作用，因此两种疗法之间没有差异。两种疗法的人口统计学特征或特征都不是重要的调节因素。综上所述，这些研究结果为 PPT 在提高幸福感、幸福感和生活质量方面的有效性提供了支持。我们可以确认，PPT 是增强积极心理健康的另一种工具。

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来源期刊

Journal of Happiness Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

6.50%

发文量

110

期刊介绍： The international peer-reviewed Journal of Happiness Studies is devoted to theoretical and applied advancements in all areas of well-being research. It covers topics referring to both the hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives characterizing well-being studies. The former includes the investigation of cognitive dimensions such as satisfaction with life, and positive affect and emotions. The latter includes the study of constructs and processes related to optimal psychological functioning, such as meaning and purpose in life, character strengths, personal growth, resilience, optimism, hope, and self-determination. In addition to contributions on appraisal of life-as-a-whole, the journal accepts papers investigating these topics in relation to specific domains, such as family, education, physical and mental health, and work. The journal welcomes high-quality theoretical and empirical submissions in the fields of economics, psychology and sociology, as well as contributions from researchers in the domains of education, medicine, philosophy and other related fields. The Journal of Happiness Studies provides a forum for three main areas in happiness research: 1) theoretical conceptualizations of well-being, happiness and the good life; 2) empirical investigation of well-being and happiness in different populations, contexts and cultures; 3) methodological advancements and development of new assessment instruments. The journal addresses the conceptualization, operationalization and measurement of happiness and well-being dimensions, as well as the individual, socio-economic and cultural factors that may interact with them as determinants or outcomes. Central Questions include, but are not limited to: Conceptualization: What meanings are denoted by terms like happiness and well-being? How do these fit in with broader conceptions of the good life? Operationalization and Measurement: Which methods can be used to assess how people feel about life? How to operationalize a new construct or an understudied dimension in the well-being domain? What are the best measures for investigating specific well-being related constructs and dimensions? Prevalence and causality Do individuals belonging to different populations and cultures vary in their well-being ratings? How does individual well-being relate to social and economic phenomena (characteristics, circumstances, behavior, events, and policies)? What are the personal, social and economic determinants and causes of individual well-being dimensions? Evaluation: What are the consequences of well-being for individual development and socio-economic progress? Are individual happiness and well-being worthwhile goals for governments and policy makers? Does well-being represent a useful parameter to orient planning in physical and mental healthcare, and in public health? Interdisciplinary studies: How has the study of happiness developed within and across disciplines? Can we link philosophical thought and empirical research? What are the biological correlates of well-being dimensions?