Understanding community hate crimes as an incorrigible proposition: Local political attitudes, path dependence, and the ceremonious reporting of hate crime statistics

IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Jack M. Mills, Brendan Lantz, Marin R. Wenger
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Hate Crime Statistics Act (HCSA) of 1990 requires the federal government to publicly release official hate crime statistics annually; the HCSA does not, however, mandate that local agencies submit hate crime reports to the government in the first place. Although research has evaluated the reporting of hate crime statistics in a dichotomous fashion (compliance vs. noncompliance), the current study suggests that the consistent and invariable reporting of zero hate crimes in a particular jurisdiction over time is unlikely and thus better conceptualized as a third response strategy: ceremonious compliance. We examine this strategy as a potentially unique institutional behavior, structured by local political and historical contexts, including discursive differences in the identification of hate crime as an important social problem, and localized histories of racial oppression. This research then uses multilevel multinomial logistic regression models to estimate variation in the likelihood of differential compliance strategies (i.e., true compliance, ceremonious compliance, noncompliance), according to several political and historical factors, including Republican vote share, location in the Confederate South, and historical lynchings. Findings reveal that political and historical contexts are important predictors of agency responses to hate crime, with a particular tendency toward ceremonious compliance in Republican-leaning locales.

将社区仇恨犯罪视为不可救药的命题:地方政治态度、路径依赖和仇恨犯罪统计数据的隆重报告
1990 年的《仇恨犯罪统计法》(HCSA)要求联邦政府每年公开发布官方的仇恨犯罪统计数据;但该法并没有规定地方机构必须首先向政府提交仇恨犯罪报告。尽管研究以二分法(遵守与不遵守)的方式对仇恨犯罪统计数据的报告进行了评估,但目前的研究表明,在一个特定的司法管辖区,随着时间的推移持续不变地报告零仇恨犯罪是不太可能的,因此最好将其概念化为第三种应对策略:礼仪性遵守。我们将这一策略视为一种潜在的独特制度行为,由当地的政治和历史背景(包括将仇恨犯罪视为重要社会问题的话语差异)以及当地的种族压迫历史所构建。然后,本研究使用多层次多叉逻辑回归模型,根据若干政治和历史因素(包括共和党得票率、南方邦联所在地和历史上的私刑事件),估算不同遵从策略(即真正遵从、仪式性遵从、不遵从)的可能性差异。研究结果表明,政治和历史背景是机构应对仇恨犯罪的重要预测因素,在共和党倾向的地区,机构尤其倾向于遵守礼仪。
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来源期刊
Criminology
Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Criminology is devoted to crime and deviant behavior. Disciplines covered in Criminology include: - sociology - psychology - design - systems analysis - decision theory Major emphasis is placed on empirical research and scientific methodology. Criminology"s content also includes articles which review the literature or deal with theoretical issues stated in the literature as well as suggestions for the types of investigation which might be carried out in the future.
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