Refined 70-cm earth-based lunar radar maps and a new interpretation of the Cruger-Sirsalis cryptomare

IF 2.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
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Abstract

We present a new processing approach for Earth-based, 70-cm wavelength, dual-polarization radar data collected using the Arecibo and Green Bank Telescopes. Earth-based data represent the only view of the Moon at this wavelength. This methodology greatly improves the synthetic aperture focusing of the images to their best possible spatial resolution, with a concurrent improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and multi-look summing. Image coverage is also expanded to the full illuminated beam area. Registration to a visible image basemap reduces RMS geographic placement errors to less than ∼2 km. Images collected after the first Planetary Data System archive delivery are also included. Analysis of the circular polarization ratio (CPR) suggests an uncertainty of ∼20 %, based on the likely ∼1 dB error in estimating the background noise in a radar look. We use the new 70-cm maps with topography and 12.6-cm radar images to revisit an initial study of cryptomare units in the Cruger-Sirsalis region, and find that mare contamination of the Orientale ejecta must be well-mixed with highland material, as opposed to the earlier hypothesis of a highland-dominated blanket over mare-rich regolith. This result shows that the two radar wavelengths provide a more complete view of the cryptomare regolith cross section, and that radar signatures can delineate ilmenite contamination of highlands areas where multi-spectral methods are limited by other factors.
经改进的 70 厘米地基月球雷达图和对 Cruger-Sirsalis 隐星的新解释
我们介绍了一种新的处理方法,用于处理利用阿雷西博望远镜和绿岸望远镜收集的基于地球的 70 厘米波长双极化雷达数据。地基数据是该波长唯一的月球观测数据。这种方法大大提高了合成孔径聚焦图像的空间分辨率,同时改善了信噪比和多视角求和。图像覆盖范围也扩大到整个光束照射区域。与可见光图像基图配准后,地理位置的均方根误差减小到 2 千米以下。首次行星数据系统档案交付后收集的图像也包括在内。对圆偏振比(CPR)的分析表明,根据雷达观测中估计背景噪声可能存在的∼1 dB误差,其不确定性为∼20%。我们利用新的 70 厘米地形图和 12.6 厘米雷达图像,重新审视了对 Cruger-Sirsalis 地区隐粒岩单元的初步研究,发现东方谷喷出岩的母岩污染必须与高地物质充分混合,而不是像以前假设的那样,在富含母岩的碎屑岩上覆盖着一层以高地为主的毯子。这一结果表明,两种波长的雷达能够更全面地观察隐伏累加岩的横截面,雷达特征能够在多光谱方法受到其他因素限制的情况下,确定高地地区的钛铁矿污染情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Icarus
Icarus 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
18.80%
发文量
356
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Icarus is devoted to the publication of original contributions in the field of Solar System studies. Manuscripts reporting the results of new research - observational, experimental, or theoretical - concerning the astronomy, geology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific aspects of our Solar System or extrasolar systems are welcome. The journal generally does not publish papers devoted exclusively to the Sun, the Earth, celestial mechanics, meteoritics, or astrophysics. Icarus does not publish papers that provide "improved" versions of Bode''s law, or other numerical relations, without a sound physical basis. Icarus does not publish meeting announcements or general notices. Reviews, historical papers, and manuscripts describing spacecraft instrumentation may be considered, but only with prior approval of the editor. An entire issue of the journal is occasionally devoted to a single subject, usually arising from a conference on the same topic. The language of publication is English. American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these.
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